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Report of the Joint Russian-Norwegian Working Group on Arctic Fisheries (JRN-AFWG) 2022

Author(s): Daniel Howell , Bjarte Bogstad (IMR), Anatoly Chetyrkin (VNIRO), Johanna Fall (IMR), Anatoly Filin (VNIRO), Jane Aanestad Godiksen , Hannes Höffle , Edda Johannesen (IMR), Yuri Kovalev (VNIRO), Alexey Russkikh (VNIRO), Dmitri Vasilyev (VNIRO) and Natalia Yaragina (VNIRO)

1 - Executive Summary

On 30 th March 2022 all Russian participation in ICES was temporally suspended. Although the announcement of the suspension stressed the role of ICES as a “multilateral science organization”, this suspension applied not only to research activities, but also to the ICES work providing fisheries advice for the sustainable management of fish stocks and ecosystems. As a result of the suspension, the ICES AFWG provided advice only for saithe, coastal cod north, coastal cod south, and golden redfish ( Sebastes norvegicus ). Northeast Arctic (NEA) cod, haddock and beaked redfish ( Sebastes mentella ) assessments have been conducted outside of ICES in a newly constituted Joint Russian-Norwegian Working Group on Arctic Fisheries (JRN-AFWG). Although this work has been conducted independently of ICES, the methodologies agreed at ICES benchmarks and agreed HCRs (Harvest Control Rules) have been followed in providing this advice.

Advice on fishing opportunities for NEA cod

The NEA cod stock is continuing to decline following a period of moderate recruitment. Following the agreed HCR, the advice is constrained by the interannual stability constraint criteria of 20% annual change in quota. Advice is that catches in 2023 should not exceed 566 784 tonnes. A further decline of catches from 2023 to 2024 and then a stabilization of stock and catch levels is projected.

Advice on fishing opportunities for NEA haddock

Advice is that catches in 2023 should not exceed 170 067 tonnes, down 5% from the advice for 2022. The haddock total stock biomass is declining as the relatively large 2016 yearclass is caught. Model estimates suggest a run of average to very weak yearclasses since 2016, and the stock is therefore expected to decline over the medium term.

Advice on fishing opportunities for beaked redfish ( Sebastes mentella)

Several issues were identified in providing the advice on beaked redfish. First, insufficient age reading in the catches was impacting on the quality of the assessment. This was addressed by using the length data converted with a time-averaged age-length conversion. Secondly, the fishing selectivity has changed significantly since the reference points were last estimated, with the F 19+ (the F bar used in reporting and management) representing an increasing fraction of the catch. As a result, it was not possible to directly apply the previous target F 19+ . Instead, a status quo F approach was applied, in order to keep the overall fishing pressure roughly constant. Following this approach, catches in 2023 should be no more than 66 779 tonnes, and no more than 70 164 tonnes in 2024. The overall stock is in a healthy state, with biomasses continuing to rise.

2 - Introduction

This report presents the details of the stock assessments conducted for Northeast Arctic cod, haddock and beaked redfish ( Sebastes mentella ) in ICES subareas 1 and 2. Due to the temporary suspension of Russian scientists from ICES, this is a joint Russian-Norwegian advice and explicitly not an ICES advice. However, the assessment methodology has followed the standard ICES procedure, using the models approved at ICES benchmarks and the Harvest Control Rules which have been evaluated as precautionary by ICES.

The work presented here would typically form a part of the ICES Arctic Fisheries Working Group (AFWG). In order to keep continuity with previous reports, and to minimize the chances of errors arising from renumbering given the tight deadline to prepare this report, the chapter numbers for each stock chapter are maintained from the last AFWG report (ICES 2021). This also allows for anyone with previous AFWG experience to locate information rapidly and easily. As a result, this report contains Chapter 1 (executive summary), Chapter 2 (this introduction), Chapter 3 (Northeast Arctic cod), Chapter 4 (Northeast Arctic haddock), and Chapter 6 (beaked redfish, S. mentella ).

The meeting was chaired by Daniel Howell, from IMR Norway, and was attended by Anatoly Chetyrkin, Anatoly Filin, Yuri Kovalev, Alexey Russkikh, Natalia Yaragina, and Dmitri Vasilyev from VNIRO, Russia, and Bjarte Bogstad, Johanna Fall, Jane Godiksen, Hannes Höffle, and Edda Johannesen from IMR, Norway. The meeting was conducted on-line in two sessions: 16 th – 20th June 2022 and 25 th -30 th August 2022.

3 - Northeast Arctic Cod (Subareas 1 and 2)

3.1 - Status of the fisheries

3.1.1 - Historical development of the fisheries (Table 3.1)

From a level of about 900 000 t in the mid-1970s, total catch declined steadily to around 300 000 t in 1983—1985 (Table 3.1). Catches increased to above 500 000 t in 1987 before dropping to 212 000 t in 1990, the lowest level recorded in the post-war period. The catches increased rapidly from 1991 onwards, stabilized around 750 000 t in 1994—1997 but decreased to about 414 000 t in 2000. From 2000—2009, the reported catches were between 400 000 and 520 000 t, in addition there were unreported catches (see below). Catches have been above the long-term average since 2011 and have decreased from a peak of 986 449 tonnes in 2014 to 693 000 tonnes in 2019-2020 before increasing to 767 000 tonnes in 2022. The fishery is conducted both with an international trawler fleet and with coastal vessels using traditional fishing gears. Quotas were introduced in 1978 for the trawler fleets and in 1989 for the coastal fleets. In addition to quotas, the fishery is regulated by a minimum catch size, a minimum mesh size in trawls and Danish seines, a maximum bycatch of undersized fish, closure of areas having high densities of juveniles and by seasonal and area restrictions.

3.1.2 - Reported catches prior to 2022 (Tables 3.1-3.4, Figure 3.1)

The provisional catch of cod in Subarea 1 and divisions 2.a and 2.b for 2021 reported to the working group is 810 755 t (including both NEA cod and NCC catches).

Reported catch figures used for the assessment of Northeast Arctic cod:

The historical practice (considering catches between 62°N and 67°N for the whole year and catches between 67°N and 69°N for the second half of the year to be Norwegian coastal cod) has been used for estimating the Norwegian landings of Northeast Arctic cod up to and including 2011 (Table 3.2). The catches of coastal cod subtracted from total cod catches in Subarea 1 and divisions 2.a and 2.b for the period 1960—2021 are given in Table 3.2. For 2012–2021 the Norwegian catches have been analysed by an ECA-version designed for simultaneously providing estimates of catch numbers-at-age for each of the two stocks.

Coastal cod catches in 2021 for the southern and northern area combined were 42 044 tonnes using the current conversion factors between round and gutted weight, and this amount was as in previous years subtracted from the total cod catch north of 62° N to get the figure for NEA cod used in that assessment (Table 3.1 and 3.2). The figure for total coastal cod catch in 2021 using the revised conversion factors, as decided at WKBarFar 2021 and used in the coastal cod assessment was 42 044 tonnes (ICES AFWG 2022 Table 2.1a), which is 3.3 % below the value of 43 471 tonnes using the current conversion factors.

These values for coastal cod are now inconsistent with the coastal cod catches presented in ICES AFWG 2022 Chapter 2, as the coastal cod catch time series were revised at WKBarFar, but not the NEA cod time series. At WKBarFar, the proposal for revision of NEA cod catch data series was rejected, as Norwegian data for many years and age groups (especially ages 12+ in years prior to 2013) were changed considerably and the reason for this was not sufficiently explained. WKBarFar recommended that when the revision of the historical Norwegian catch data is ready it should be submitted to ICES for review, ideally by a review attached to the AFWG.

The catch by area is shown in Table 3.1, and further split into trawl and other gears in Table 3.3. The distribution of catches by areas and gears in 2021 was similar to 2020. The nominal landings by country are given in Table 3.4.

There is information on cod discards (see ICES AFWG 2021 section 0.4) but it was not included in the assessment because these data are fragmented and different estimates are in contradiction with each other. Moreover the level of discards is relatively small in the recent period and inclusion of these estimates in the assessment should not change our perception on NEA cod stock size.

In summer/autumn 2018, a Norwegian vessel caught 441 t of cod in the Jan Mayen EEZ, which is a part of ICES area 2a, mostly by long-line. Cod is known to occasionally occur in this area, but rarely in densities which are suitable for commercial fisheries. The cod caught in this area in 2018 was large (65-110 cm), and otolith readings and genetics both showed this cod to be a mix of Northeast Arctic and Icelandic cod. Norway did in 2019-2020 carry out an experimental long-line fishery during four different periods in each year in order to investigate further the occurrence of cod in this area in space and time as well as stock identity. The size distribution and genetic composition of the cod caught in this area in 2019-2021 was similar to that in 2018, although there was somewhat more smaller cod (< 65 cm) in 2020-2021 than in 2019. Most of the cod caught in April-May 2019 was spawning or spent, while most cod caught in March 2020 had not started spawning. Cod spawning in this area has not been observed prior to 2019. Total catches in 2019 amounted to 628 t, in 2020 to 522 t and in 2021 to 146 t. The 2018 catches in this area were partly counted against the Norwegian TAC for cod north of 62° N , while the 2019 and 2020 TAC for this area comes in addition to the Norwegian TAC for cod as agreed by JNRFC. There has been varying practice considering including those catches in the assessment, they were included in 2020 but the plan is to exclude them for all years in future assessments. Regulations for the fishery in this area for 2022 have not yet been decided upon.

3.1.3 - Unreported catches of Northeast Arctic cod (Table 3.1)

In the years 2002—2008 certain quantities of unreported catches (IUU catches) have been added to the reported landings. More details on this issue are given in the Working group reports for that period.

There are no reliable data on level of IUU catches outside the periods 1990—1994 and 2002—2008, but it is believed that their level was not substantial enough to influence on historical stock assessment.

According to reports from the Norwegian-Russian analysis group on estimation of total catches the total catches of cod since 2009 were very close to officially reported landings.

3.1.4 - TACs and advised catches for 2021 and 2022

The Joint Norwegian-Russian Fisheries Commission (JNRFC) agreed on a cod TAC of 885 600 t for 202 1 , and in addition 21 000 t Norwegian coastal cod. The total reported catch of 800 427 t in 2021 was 106 173 t below the agreed TAC. Since 2015 JNRFC has decided that Norway and Russia can transfer to next year or borrow from last year 10% of the cod country’s quota. That may lead to some deviation between agreed TAC and reported catch. As an extraordinary measure due to expected underfishing of the TAC in 2021, JNRFC decided that it should be possible to transfer 15% of the TAC between 2021 and 2022.

The advice for 2022 given by ACOM in 2021 was 708 480 t based on the agreed harvest control rule. The quota established by JNRFC for 2022 was set equal to the advice. In addition, the TAC for Norwegian Coastal Cod was set to the same value for 2022 as for 2021: 21 000 t.

3.2 - Status of research

3.2.1 - Fishing effort and CPUE (Table A1, Figure 3.4-3.5)

CPUE series of the Norwegian and Russian trawl fisheries are given in Table A1. The data reflect the total trawl effort (Figure 3.4), both for Norway and Russia. The Norwegian series is given as a total for all areas. Norwegian data for 2011–2021 are not necessarily compatible with data for 2007 and previous years. Norwegian CPUE declined from 2020 to 2021 and reached the lowest level in the 2011-2021 time series (Figure 3.5).

3.2.2 - Survey results - abundance and size at age (Tables 3.5, A2-A14)

Some survey results for 2021 were revised since AFWG 2021, for a summary of this, see section 3.2.3.

Joint Barents Sea winter survey (bottom trawl and acoustics) Acronyms: BS-NoRu-Q1 (BTr) and BS-NoRu-Q1 (Aco)

The survey was carried out as planned with good spatial coverage.

Before 2000 this survey was made without participation from Russian vessels, while in 2001—2005, 2008—2016 and 2018-2022 Russian vessels have covered important parts of the Russian zone. In 2006—2007 the survey was carried out only by Norwegian vessels. In 2007, 2016, 2021 and 2022 the Norwegian vessels were not allowed to cover the Russian EEZ. The method for adjustment for incomplete area coverage in 2007 is described in the 2007 report. The same method was used to adjust the 1997-1998 survey indices in the 2016 revision (Mehl et al. 2016). Table 3.5 shows areas covered in the time-series and the additional areas implied in the method used to adjust for missing coverage in the Russian Economic Zone. In 5 of the 8 adjusted years (including 2021) the adjustments were not based on area ratios, but the “index ratio by age” was used. This means that the index by age for the covered area was scaled by the observed ratio between total index and the index for the same area observed in the years prior to the survey. The adjustments for 2017 were based on average index rations by age for 2014–2016. Adjustments were also made in 2020-2021 using the average index ratios by age for 2018-2019 and 2019-2020, respectively.

Regarding the older part of this time-series it should be noted that the survey prior to 1993 covered a smaller area (Jakobsen et al. 1997), and the number of young cod (particularly 1- and 2-year old fish) was probably underestimated. Other changes in the survey methodology through time are described by Jakobsen et al. (1997), while the surveys for the years 2007—2012 and 2013—2018 are reported in Mehl et al. (2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017a). Note that the change from 35 to 22 mm mesh size in the codend in 1994 is not corrected for in the time-series. This mainly affects the age 1 indices.

With the recent expansion of the cod distribution it is likely that in recent years the coverage in the February survey (BS-NoRu-Q1 (BTr) and BS-NoRu-Q1 (Aco)) has been incomplete, in particular for the younger ages. This could cause a bias in the assessment, but the magnitude is unknown. The 2014–2022 surveys covered considerably larger areas than earlier winter surveys, and showed that most age groups of cod (particularly ages 1 and 2) were distributed far outside the standard survey area. The bottom trawl survey estimates including the extended area for 2014-2022 were used in the tuning data separately from the same index before 2014, as decided at WkBarFar 2021.

Lofoten acoustic survey on spawners Acronym: Lof-Aco-Q1

The estimated abundance indices from the Norwegian acoustic survey off Lofoten and Vesterålen (the main spawning area for this stock) in March/April are given in Table A4. A description of the survey, sampling effort and details of the estimation procedure can be found in Korsbrekke (1997). The 2022 survey results in biomass terms was 182 thousand tonnes, this is 21 % below the 2021 level and the lowest since 2006.

Russian autumn survey Acronym: RU-BTr-Q4

Abundance estimates from the Russian autumn survey (November-December) are given in Table A9 (acoustic estimates) and Table A10 (bottom trawl estimates). The entire bottom trawl time-series was in 2007 revised backwards to 1982 (Golovanov et al., 2007, WD3), using the same method as in the revision presented in 2006, which went back to 1994. The new swept area indices reflect Northeast Arctic cod stock dynamics more precisely compared to the previous one - catch per hour trawling. The Russian autumn survey in 2006 was carried out with reduced area coverage. Divisions 2a and 2b were adequately investigated in the survey in contrast to Subarea 1, where the survey covered approximately 40% of the long-term average area coverage. The Subarea 1 survey indices were calculated based on actual covered area (40 541 sq. miles). The 2007 AFWG decided to use the “final" year class indices without any correction because of satisfactory internal correspondence between year class abundances at age 2—9 years according to the 2006 survey and ones due to the previous surveys.

This survey was not conducted in 2016 , but was carried out in 2017, when 79% of the standard survey area was covered (Sokolov et al 2018, WD 11). The index shows a reliable internal consistence and it was decided to use it in the assessment. This survey was not carried out in 2018-2021 and will likely be discontinued.

Joint Ecosystem survey Acronym: Eco-NoRu-Q3 (Btr)

Swept area bottom trawl estimates from the joint Norwegian-Russian ecosystem survey in August-September for the period 2004–2021 are given in Table A14. This survey normally covers the entire distribution area of cod at that time of the year.

In 2014 this survey had an essential problem with area coverage in the north-west region because of difficult ice conditions. In the area covered by ice in 2014 a substantial part of population was distributed during 2013 survey. So, based on those observations AFWG decided in 2015 to exclude 2014 year from that tuning series in current assessment. In 2016 there was incomplete coverage in the international waters and close to the Murman coast. An adjustment for this incomplete coverage was made based on interpolation from adjacent areas (Kovalev et al 2017, WD 12). At this time of the year, usually a relatively small part of the cod stock is found in the area which was not covered in 2016. In 2017 and 2019 the coverage was close to complete, although the far northeastern part of the survey area (west of the north island of Novaya Zemlya) was not covered due to military restrictions. In 2018, a large area in the eastern part of the Barents Sea was not covered Thus it was decided not to include 2018 data from this survey in the assessment.

The coverage in 2020 was less synoptic than usual, as explained in Section 0.6. As the survey indices from the BESS 2020 showed an unexplainable large decline compared to the 2019 indices, it was considered to exclude 2020 indices from this survey, but it was decided to keep them in and re-evaluate next year whether they should still be included in the assessment. The 2021 coverage was good, although as in several previous years, most of the international waters in the Barents Sea was not covered. The mentioned re-evaluation has not been carried out.

The survey indices are calculated both the BioFox and StoX calculation methods, and as in earlier years, the Biofox series was used in the tuning. A research recommendation from WkBarFar was to unify these two methods for estimating indices from ecosystem survey. However, the benchmark decided to use weight at age from the StoX in calculations of weight at age used in the assessment.

Survey results - length and weight-at-age (Tables A5-A8, A11-A12, A15)

Length-at-age is shown in Table A5 for the Norwegian survey in the Barents Sea in winter, in Table A7 for the Lofoten survey and in Table A11 for the Russian survey in October-December. Weight-at-age is shown in Table A6 for the Norwegian survey in the Barents Sea in winter, in Table A8 for the Lofoten survey, Table A12 for the Russian survey in October-December and Table A15 for the BESS survey (calculated using StoX).

Length and weight at age in the Lofoten survey increased from 2021 to 2022 for age groups 5-6 and 8-11. The size at age in the BESS survey was about the same in 2021 as in 2020.

3.2.3 - Revision of 2021 survey results

Some errors in StoX software were found in summer 2021, affecting the 2021 winter survey results (bottom trawl and acoustic) for cod and haddock and thus a revised assessment was carried out in September 2021 for both stocks (as described in the AFWG 2021 report executive summary). Also an error in calculating the 12+ group for the bottom trawl survey for use in the tuning was corrected. After that some additional errors in StoX software have been found and corrected, final estimates for 2021 are in the survey report which is now published (Fall et al. 2022). In addition, the 2020 ecosystem survey indices and weight at age as well as the 2021 Lofoten survey indices and weight at age have been revised.

3.2.4 - Age reading

The joint Norwegian-Russian work on cod otolith reading has continued, with regular exchanges of otoliths and age readers (see ICES AFWG 2021 chapter 0.7). The results of fifteen years of annual comparative age readings are described in Yaragina et al. (2009). Zuykova et al. (2009) re-read old otoliths and found no significant difference in contemporary and historical age determination and subsequent length at age. However, age at first maturation in the historical material as determined by contemporary readers is younger than that determined by historical readers. Taking this difference into account would thus have effect on the spawning stock-recruitment relationship and thus on the biological reference points. The overall percentage agreement for the 2017–2018 exchange was 87.7% (WD 8, ICES 2020). The main reason for cod ageing discrepancies between Russian and Norwegian specialists remains the same, representing the latest summer growth zone, and different interpretations of the false zones. The general trend is that the Russian readers assign slightly lower ages than the Norwegian readers compared to the modal age for all age groups. This is opposite of what we have seen in previous readings, where the Russian readers has tended to be slightly overestimating the age compared to the Norwegian readers.

The trend with bias in NEA cod age determination registered for some years of the period 1992–2018 between experts of both countries is a solid argument to continue comparative cod age reading between PINRO and IMR to monitor the situation. The German participant has expressed an intention to join the age reading cooperation in future.

3.3 - Data available for use in assessment

Data for the period 1946–1983 are taken from the AFWG 2001 report (ICES CM 2001/ACFM:19) and were not revised at the WKBarFar benchmark in 2021.

3.3.1 - Catch-at-age (Table 3.6)

For 2021, age compositions from all areas were available from Norway, Russia, Spain and Germany.

There is still a concern about the biological sampling from parts of the Norwegian fishery that may be too low. Also the split between NEA cod and coastal cod may be affected by the sampling coverage.

3.3.2 - Survey indexes available for use in assessment (Table 3.13, A13)

The following survey data series were available:

Fleet code Name Place Season Age Years
Fleet 15* Joint bottom trawl survey Barents Sea Feb-Mar 3–12+ 1981–2013, 2014-2022
Fleet 16 Joint acoustic survey Barents Sea+Lofoten Feb-Mar 3–12+ 1985–2022
Fleet 18 Russian bottom trawl surv. Total area Oct-Dec 3–12+ 1982–2017
Fleet 007 Ecosystem surv. Total area Aug-Sep 3–12+ 2004–2021

*Survey indices for Fleet 15 were divided by two series (before and after 2014) in model tuning as decided at WKBarFar 2021.

The tuning fleet file is shown in Table 3.13. Note that the joint acoustic survey (sum of Barents Sea and Lofoten acoustic survey indices) is given in Table A13.

Survey indices for Fleet 15 have been multiplied by a factor 100, while survey indices for Fleets 007, 16 and 18 have been multiplied by a factor 10. This is done to keep the dynamics of the surveys even for very low indices, because some models (e.g. XSA) adds 1.0 to the indices before the logarithm is taken.

3.3.3 - Weight-at-age (Tables 3.7-3.9, A2, A4, A6, A8, A12).

Catch weights

For 2021, weight-at-age in the catch for areas 1, 2a and 2b was provided by Norway, Russia, Spain and Germany (Table 3.7). For ages up to and including 11, observations are used. Following the WKBarFar 2021 decision, weight at age in catch for the years 1983-present for ages 12-15+ are calculated by a cohort-based von Bertalanffy approach used to replace previous fixed values.

Stock weights

For ages 1—11 stock weights-at-age at the start of year y (Wa,y) for 1983—2022 are calculated combining, when available, weight at age from the Winter, Lofoten, Russian autumn and ecosystem surveys. The details are given in the Stock Annex. For ages 12-15+ a similar approach as for weight at age in the catch was used.

3.3.4 - Natural mortality including cannibalism (Table 3.12, Table 3.17)

A natural mortality (M) of 0.2 + cannibalism was used. Cannibalism is assumed to only affect natural mortality of ages 3-6.

2021 data are available and 2020 data have been updated.

The method used for calculation of the prey consumption by cod described by Bogstad and Mehl (1997) is used to calculate the consumption of cod by cod for use in cod stock assessment. The consumption is calculated based on cod stomach content data taken from the joint PINRO-IMR stomach content database (methods described in Mehl and Yaragina 1992). On average about 9000 cod stomachs from the Barents Sea have been analysed annually in the period 1984—2021.

These data are used to calculate the per capita consumption of cod by cod for each half-year (by prey age groups 0—6 and predator age groups 1–11+). It was assumed that the mature part of the cod stock is found outside the Barents Sea for three months during the first half of the year. Thus, consumption by cod in the spawning period was omitted from the calculations.

An iterative procedure was applied to include the per capita consumption data in the SAM run. It is described in detail in Stock Annex.

For the cod assessment data from annual sampling of cod stomachs has been used for estimating cannibalism, since the 1995 assessment. The argument has been raised that the uncertainty in such calculations are so large that they introduce too much noise in the assessment. A rather comprehensive analysis of the usefulness of this was presented in Appendix 1 in the 2004 AFWG report. The conclusion was that it improves the assessment.

The data on cod cannibalism for the historical period (1946—1983) was included in assessment during the benchmark to make the time-series consistent (ICES 2015a, WKARCT 2015). These estimates were based on hindcasted values of NEA cod natural mortality at ages 3—5 using PINRO data base on food composition from cod stomach for the historical period (Yaragina et al. 2018).

3.3.5 - Maturity-at-age (Tables 3.10-3.11)

Historical (pre–1982) Norwegian and Russian time-series on maturity ogives were reconstructed by the 2001 AFWG meeting (ICES CM 2001/ACFM:19). The Norwegian maturity ogives were constructed using the Gulland method for individual cohorts, based on information on age at first spawning from otoliths. For the time period 1946—1958 only the Norwegian data were available. The Russian proportions mature-at-age, based on visual examinations of gonads, were available from 1959.

Since 1982 Russian and Norwegian survey data have been used (Table 3.10). For the years 1985—2022, Norwegian maturity-at-age ogives have been obtained by combining the Barents Sea winter survey and the Lofoten survey. Russian maturity ogives from the autumn survey as well as from commercial fishery for November-February are available from 1984 until present. The Norwegian maturity ogives tend to give a higher percent mature-at-age compared to the Russian ogives, which is consistent with the generally higher growth rates observed in cod sampled by the Norwegian surveys. The percent mature-at-age for the Russian and Norwegian surveys have been arithmetically averaged for all years, except 1982—1983 when only Norwegian observations were used and 1984 when only Russian observations were used.

Russian data for the autumn survey for 2018 and later years were not available as the survey was not conducted. In WD1 5 , 2019, updated correction factors to allow for this when calculating the combined maturity-at-age in 2019 were calculated, based on historical differences between Norwegian and Russian data. These correction factors were then applied to the Norwegian data for 2020-2022.

The approach used for calculating maturity at age is the same as previously used and consistent with the approach used to estimate the weight-at-age in the stock, except that no data from the BESS survey are used. However, since survey data, both abundance indices and proportion mature, have been revised, the entire time series of ogives back to 1994 was revised at the benchmark. The proportions of mature cod for age 13–15 are set to 1 for the period 1984–present.

Maturity-at-age for cod has been variable the last five years, particularly for ages 6–9. According to the combined data, maturity at age decreased in 2015–2016, then increased, but decreased again from 2019 to 2022 for most age groups (Table 3.11).

3.4 - Assessment using SAM

3.4.1 - SAM settings (Table 3.14)

The SAM model settings optimised by WKBarFar are shown in Table 3.14.

3.4.2 - SAM diagnostics (Figure 3.1 and 3.2 a-c)

Residuals for the SAM run are shown in Figure 3.2a, while retrospective plots of F, SSB and recruitment are shown in Figure 3.2b. Figure 3.2c shows the catchability by survey and age group and Figure 3.2d compares observed and modelled catches in tonnes.

The retrospective pattern is generally very good (Figure 3.2b), with values of Mohn’s rho of 0-2% both for SSB, R and F.

The observed catch in tonnes in 2021 is higher than modelled, and just inside the confidence interval.

3.4.3 - Results of assessment (Tables 3.15-3.18, 3.20 , Figure 3.1)

Summaries of landings, fishing mortality, stock biomass, spawning stock biomass and recruitment since 1946 are given in Table 3.18 and Figure 3.1.

The fishing mortalities and population numbers are given in Tables 3.15 and 3.16.

The estimated F5-10 in 2021 is 0.48, which is above Fpa (Table 3.18). Fishing mortality has been increasing slowly in recent years. The spawning stock biomass in 2022 is estimated to be 833 kt (Table 3.20), which is high but much lower than the peak in 2013 (2,271 kt). One should bear in mind that in the early part of the time-series (before the 1980s) the fraction at age of mature fish was considerably lower.

Total stock biomass in 2022 is estimated to 1,98 5  kt, which is close to the long-term mean and well below the highest level observed after 1955 (3,766 kt in 2013).

It is noted that the exploitation pattern is still dome-shaped with a marked decrease in selectivity above age 12, although the dome-shape is not as strong than in assessments made before the 2021 benchmark.

M values (M = 0.2+cannibalism mortality) are given in Table 3.17. For ages 3—5 the M matrix in 1946—1983 also includes M2 since the benchmark meeting in 2015 (WKARCT 2015).

3.5 - Reference points and harvest control rules

The current reference points for Northeast Arctic cod were estimated by SGBRP (ICES CM 2003/ACFM:11) and adopted by ACFM at the May 2003 meeting.

At the 46th session of JRNFC a new version of the management rule was adopted (see section 3.7.3). The TAC advice for 2022 is based on the agreed harvest control rule.

3.5.1 - Biomass reference points

The values adopted by ACFM in 2003 are Blim = 220 000 t, Bpa = 460 000 t. (ICES CM 2003/ACFM:11).

3.5.2 - Fishing mortality reference points

The values adopted by ACFM in 2003 are Flim = 0.74 and Fpa = 0.40. (ICES CM 2003/ACFM:11). The Fmsy for NEA cod was estimated by WKBaRFar 2021 to be in the range 0.40 - 0.60.

3.5.3 - Harvest control rule

The history of how the harvest control rule has developed is given in the 2017 AFWG report. JNRFC in 2015 asked ICES to explore the consequences of 10 different harvest control rules. This was done by WKNEAMP (ICES 2015b, 2016). JNRFC in 2016 adopted one of the rules explored by WKNEAMP (Rule 6 in that report).

The current rule reads as follows:

The TAC is calculated as the average catch predicted for the coming 3 years using the target level of exploitation (Ftr ).

The target level of exploitation is calculated according to the spawning stock biomass (SSB) in the first year of the forecast as follows:

- if SSB < Bpa, then Ftr = SSB / Bpa × Fmsy ;

- if Bpa ≤ SSB ≤ 2×Bpa, then Ftr = Fmsy ;

- if 2×Bpa < SSB < 3×Bpa, then Ftr = Fmsy × (1 + 0.5 × (SSB - 2×Bpa) / Bpa );

- if SSB ≥ 3×Bpa, then Ftr = 1.5 × Fmsy ;

where Fmsy=0.40 and Bpa =460 000 tonnes.

If the spawning stock biomass in the present year, the previous year and each of the three years of prediction is above Bpa, the TAC should not be changed by more than +/- 20% compared with the previous year’s TAC. In this case, Ftr should however not be below 0.30.

3.6 - Prediction

3.6.1 - Prediction input (Tables 3.16, 3.19a , Figure 3. 3 )

The input data to the short-term prediction with management option table (2022—2025) are given in Table 3.19a. For 2022 stock weights and maturity were calculated from surveys as described in Sections 3.3.2 and 3.3.4.

Catch weights in 2022 onwards and stock weights in 2023 and onwards for age 3–11 are predicted by the method described by Brander (2002), where the latest observation of weights by cohort are used together with average annual increments to predict the weight of the cohort the following year. The method is given by the equation

W(a+1,y+1)=W(a,y) + Incr(a), where Incr(a) is a “medium term” average of Incr(a,y)= W(a+1,y+1)-W(a,y)

This method was introduced in the cod prediction in the 2003 working group. Since 2005 working group an average of the 3 most recent values of annual increments have been used for predicting stock weights. For catch weights the last 5-year period for averaging the increments is used (changed from 10-year period at the benchmark).

The maturity ogive for the years 2023—2025 was predicted by using the 2020-2022 average. The exploitation pattern in 2022 and later years was set equal to the previous 5 years according to the benchmark decision and as described at Stock Annex.

The stock number-at-age in 2022 was taken from the final SAM run (Table 3.16) for ages 4 and older. The recruitment at age 3 in the years 2022—2025 was estimated as described in section 3.7.2. Figure 3. 3 shows the development in natural mortality due to cannibalism for cod (prey) age groups 1-3 together with the abundance of capelin in the period 1984—2021. There was no clear trend in natural mortality, and the average M values for the last 3 years are used to predict natural mortality of age groups 3—6 for years 2022—2025 (based on benchmark decision, WKARCT 2015 and unchanged at WKBaRFar 2021).

The assessment shows a slightly increasing F from 2015 to 2021. In accordance with the benchmark decision (WKARCT 2015, not reviewed at WKBarFar 2021) and with support from AFWG-2019 WD 11 (Kovalev and Chetyrkin, 2019), the last year’s assessment F in terminal year 2021 (status quo) is used for F in the intermediate year (2022). Table 3.19 shows input data to the predictions. The results of prediction show that the catch in 2022 predicted using Fsq is about 68 kt less than the agreed TAC. As the coastal cod catch in recent years has been about 20 kt higher than the TAC of 21 kt, this means that if the total TAC for Northeast arctic cod and Coastal cod will be taken, the predicted catch using Fsq will be about 48 kt below the TAC. Reported catches so far in 2022 indicate that the catches will be somewhat above the TAC of 708 480 tonnes, as the TAC in 2021 was underfished and a considerable amount (105 584 tonnes) was transferred to 2022.

3.6.2 - Recruitment prediction (Table 3.19b-d )

At the 2008 AFWG meeting it was decided to use a hybrid model, which is a weighted arithmetic mean of different recruitment models. It was agreed to use the same approach this year. The input data for those models are the following time-series; ice coverage, intensity of interaction between the arctic and boreal oceanic systems on the shelf of the Barents Sea, temperature and oxygen saturation at the Kola section. Input data to he prediction are presented in Tables 3.19b-c and prognosis from all the models, including the hybrid is presented in Table 3.19d. Since 2014 the hybrid model is based on objective weighting of different sub-models and includes the RCT3 model (see AFWG report 2021 section 1.4 for details). The numbers-at-age 3 calculated by the hybrid method were: 476 million for the 2019 year class, 566 million for the 2020 year class, 383 million for the 2021 year class and 315 million for the 2022 year class (Table 3.19d).

Although age 3 indices from the winter bottom trawl and acoustic surveys are now also included in the SAM tuning, it was decided at the benchmark to continue using in the predictions recruitment estimates at age 3 in the assessment year ( intermediate year in prediction) from the hybrid model. The difference between the SAM estimate and the hybrid model estimate of age 3 in 2022 was large (189 vs. 476 million individuals).

The values used for the 2019 and 2020 year classes in the prediction are higher than the very low survey indices for those year classes at age 1 and 2 indicate.

3.6.3 - Prediction results (Tables 3.20-3.21)

The catch corresponding to Fsq in 2022 is 641 kt (Table 3.20). The resulting SSB in 2023 is 751 kt, which is 10 % lower than the SSB in 2022. Table 3.20 shows the short-term consequences over a range of F-values in 2023. The detailed outputs corresponding to Fsq in 2022 and the F corresponding to the HCR and Fpa in 2023 is given in Table 3.21. Summarised results are shown in the text table below.

Since SSB in 2022 is between Bpa =460 000 t and 2 × Bpa = 920 000 t, F = 0.40 is used in the 3-year prediction, giving catches of 487 049,  476 906 and 468 560  tonnes in 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively. The average of this is 477 505  tonnes. According to the HCR the maximum year-to-year decrease in TAC is limited by 20 % which corresponds to a TAC of 566 784 tonnes for 2023. The resulted TAC for 2023 in accordance with the management plan is shown in the table below.

Cod in subareas 1 and 2. Annual catch options. All weights are in tonnes.

Basis Total catch (2023) Ftotal (2023) SSB(2024) % SSB change * % TAC change ** % Advice change ***
ICES advice basis  
Management plan^ 566 784 0.48 668 851 -11 -20 -20
Other options  
MSY approach: FMSY 487 049 0.40 731 342 -3 -31 -31
F = 0 0 0 1 134 101 51 -100 -100
F = F2021 564 475 0.4810 670 645 -11 -20 -20
Fpa 487 049 0.40 731 342 -3 -31 -31
Flim 775 883 0.74 510 976 -32 10 10

Weights in tonnes.

^ 20 % decrease from TAC 2022

* SSB 2024 relative to SSB 2023.

** Catch 2023 relative to TAC 2022

*** Advice for 2023 relative to advice for 2022

This catch forecast covers all catches. It is then implied that all types of catches are to be counted against this TAC. It also means that if any overfishing is expected to take place, the above calculated TAC should be reduced by the expected amount of overfishing.

3.6.4 - Medium-term predictions

The medium-term prediction indicates that if the HCR is followed, the stock size should stop declining and stabilize from 2024 onwards, around the following values: total stock 1.7 million tonnes and SSB 700 000 tonnes, with corresponding catch levels around 450 000 tonnes.

3.7 - Comparison with last year’s assessment and prediction

3.7.1 - Comparison to 2021 assessment (Figure 3.7)

The text tables below compare this year’s estimates with the final 2021 AFWG estimates for numbers at age (millions), total biomass, spawning biomass (thousand tonnes) in 2021, as well as reference F for the year 2020.

tabell

In the current assessment, the number at ages 10-14 was adjusted upwards slightly compared to the 2021 AFWG assessment. For younger ages, the changes went in both directions, but mostly there was a decrease from 2021 assessment, with ages 6 and 7 being the main exception. On the other hand, the plus group in 2021 was adjusted downwards. TSB, SSB and F were very close to the previous assessment.

3.7.2 - Comparison to prediction

The change in the advice is large compared to last year. The advice for 2023 is 566 784 tonnes, while the advice for 2022 given by ICES was 708 480 tonnes.

The assessed stock in 2022 in comparison with the assessment in 2021 was very similar. The main tendency for stock decrease in coming years was similar. The average catch predicted for the coming 3 years, using the mentioned target level of exploitation (Ftr) in the HCR resulted in TAC advice equal to 566 784 t. This value corresponds to the - 20 % limit on year-to-year TAC change  stated in the HCR, and is higher than the value without applying such a constraint (477 505 t).

3.8 - Concerns with the assessment

The WG realizes that imprecise input data, in particular the catch-at-age matrix, and discontinuation of some surveys as well as incomplete spatial coverage and reduced synopticity in surveys could be a main obstacle to producing precise stock assessments, regardless of which model is used.

3.9 - Additional assessment methods

All models use the same tuning data.

3.9.1 - TISVPA (Tables 3.22-3.24, Figure 3.6a-c )

This year the TISVPA model was applied to NEA cod with the same settings as last year and using the same data as SAM except that natural mortality values from cannibalism were taken from the SAM runs. During WG the results of exploratory runs using the TISVPA model were discussed. The residuals of the model approximation of catch-at-age and “fleets” data are presented in Figure 3.6a. Likelihood profiles for different data source are presented in Figure 3.6b. Retrospective run results are shown in Figure 3.6c. The results (Tables 3.22-3.24) generally support the results of the SAM model, with a similar SSB estimate but a lower TSB estimate in 2022 as well as a higher F estimate in 2021.

3.9.2 - Model comparisons ( Figures 3.2a, 3.6a, 3.7)

Figure 3.7 compares the results of SAM and TISVPA, showing F, SSB, TSB and recruitment. F in 2021 and SSB in 2022 is very similar for all models, while TSB and recruitment in recent years is lower in TISVPA than in SAM. Both models demonstrates a stable retrospective pattern (F igures 3.2a, 3.6c).

3.10 - New and revised data sources

This section describes some data sources, which could be revised or included in the assessment in the future.

3.10.1 - Consistency between NEA cod and coastal cod catch data (Table 3.2)

Consistency between the catch data used for NEA cod and coastal cod should be ensured. The revised catch figures used in the coastal cod assessment do not correspond to the difference between the total cod catch and the catch used in the NEA cod assessment (Table 3.2). These discrepancies will be adjusted when the NEA cod catch series are revised (section 3.2.2).

3.10.2 - Discard and bycatch data

Work on updating discard and bycatch data series is ongoing. Revised bycatch estimates in numbers for the period 2005-2020 are described in AFWG-2021 Section 0.6. At WKARCT in 2015 it was, however, decided not to include those data in the catch-at-age matrix.

The bycatch mainly consists of age 1 and 2 fish, but the bycatch is generally small compared to other reported sources of mortality: catches, discards and the number of cod eaten by cod. From 1992 onwards, bycatches of age 3 and older fish are negligible, because use of sorting grids was made mandatory. However, in 1985, bycatches of age 5 and 6 cod were about one third of the reported catches for those age groups. The year class for which the bycatches were highest, was the 1983 year class (total bycatch of age 2 and older fish of about 60 million, compared to a stock estimate of about 1300 million at age 3.


3.11 - References

Brander, K. 2002. Predicting weight at age. Internal ICES note to assessment working groups. 2003. Software implementation of process models. Working Document No. 2 to the Arctic Fisheries Working Group, San Sebastian, Spain, 23 April- 2 May 2003.

Fall, J., Wenneck, T. de Lange, Bogstad, B., Fuglebakk, E., Godiksen, J., Korsbrekke, K., Seim, S. E., Skage, M. L., Staby, A., Tranang, C. Aa., Windsland, K., Russkikh, A. A., and Kharlin, S. 2022. Fish investigations in the Barents Sea winter 2021. IMR-PINRO Joint Report Series 1-2022, 100 pp.

Golovanov S.E., Sokolov A.M., and Yaragina, N.A. 2007. Revised indices of the Northeast Arctic cod abundance according to the 1982-2006 data from Russian trawl-acoustic survey (TAS). Working Document #3 for AFWG 2007.

ICES 2001. Report of the Arctic Fisheries Working Group. Bergen, Norway, 24 April – 3 May 2001. ICES CM 2001/ACFM:19. 380 pp.

ICES 2003. Study Group on Biological Reference Points for Northeast Arctic Cod. Svanhovd, Norway 13-17 January 2003. ICES CM 2003/ACFM:11.

ICES 2015a. Report of the first Workshop on Management Plan Evaluation on Northeast Arctic cod and haddock and Barents Sea capelin ( WKNEAMP-1) , , . ICES CM 2015/ACOM:60, 27 pp.

ICES. 2015b. Report of the Benchmark Workshop on Arctic Stocks (WKARCT), 26-30 January 2015, ICES Headquarters, Denmark. ICES CM 2015\ACOM:31. 126 pp.

ICES 2016. Report of the second Workshop on Management Plan Evaluation on Northeast Arctic cod and haddock and Barents Sea capelin (WKNEAMP-2) , 25-28 January 2016, Kirkenes, Norway. ICES CM 2016/ACOM:47, 76 pp.

ICES. 2021. Benchmark Workshop for Barents Sea and Faroese Stocks (WKBARFAR 2021).

ICES Scientific Reports. 3:21. 205 pp. https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.7920

ICES. 2021. Arctic Fisheries Working Group (AFWG). ICES Scientific Reports 3:58. 817 pp. https://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.8196

Jakobsen, T., Korsbrekke, K., Mehl, S., and Nakken, O. 1997. Norwegian combined acoustic and bottom trawl surveys for demersal fish in the Barents Sea during winter. ICES CM 1997/Y:17.

Korsbrekke, K. 1997. Norwegian acoustic survey of Northeast Arctic cod on the spawning grounds off Lofoten. ICES C.M 1997/Y:18.

Kovalev, Y., and Chetyrkin, A. 2019. What does NEA cod want for prediction - Fsq or TAC constrain? Working Document No. 11 to the Arctic Fisheries Working Group. ICES. 2019. Arctic Fisheries Working Group (AFWG). ICES Scientific Reports. 1:30. 934 pp.

Mehl, S., Aglen, A., Alexandrov, D.I., Bogstad, B., Dingsør, G.E., Gjøsæter, H., Johannesen, E., Korsbrekke, K., Murashko, P.A., Prozorkevich, D.V., Smirnov, O., Staby, A., and Wenneck, T. de Lange, 2013. Fish investigations in the Barents Sea winter 2007-2012. IMR-Pinro Joint Report Series 1-2013, 97 pp.

Mehl, S., Aglen, A., Bogstad, B., Dingsør, G.E., Gjøsæter, H., Godiksen, J., Johannesen, E., Korsbrekke, K., Staby, A., Wenneck, T. de Lange, Wienerroither, R., Murashko, P. A., and Russkikh, A. 2014. Fish investigations in the Barents Sea winter 2013-2014. IMR-PINRO Joint Report Series 2-2014, 73 pp.

Mehl, S. Aglen, A., Amelkin, A., Dingsør, G.E., Gjøsæter, H., Godiksen, Staby, A., Wenneck, T. de Lange, and Wienerroither, R. 2015. Fish investigations in the Barents Sea, winter 2015. IMR-PINRO report series 2-2015. 61 pp.

Mehl, S., Aglen, A., Bogstad, B., Dingsør, G.E., Korsbrekke, K., Olsen, E., Staby, A., Wenneck, T. de Lange, Wienerroither, R., Amelkin, A. V., and Russkikh, A. A. 2016. Fish investigations in the Barents Sea winter 2016. IMR-PINRO Joint Report Series 4-2016, 78 pp.

Mehl, S., Aglen, A., Bogstad, B., Staby, A., Wenneck, T. de Lange, and Wienerroither, R., 2017. Fish investigations in the Barents Sea winter 2017. IMR-PINRO Joint Report Series 2-2017, 87 pp.

Sokolov A., Russkikh A., Kharlin S., Kovalev Yu. A., and Yaragina N.A. 2018. Results of the Russian trawl-acoustic survey on cod and haddock in the Barents Sea and adjacent waters in October-December 2017. Working Document no. 11. ICES Arctic Fisheries Working Group, ICES CM 2018/ACOM:06.

Thygesen, U. H., Albertsen, C. M., Berg, C. W., Kristensen, K., and Nielsen, A. 2017. Validation of ecological state space models using the Laplace approximation Environmental and Ecological Statistics 24 (2): 317-339.

WD 15. 2019. Updated mean ratios between the combined and Norwegian data on weight at age and maturity at age in Northeast Arctic cod. Working document no 15, AFWG 2019.

Yaragina N.A. Nedreaas K.H., Koloskova V., Mjanger H., Senneset H., Zuykova N. and Ǻgotnes P. 2009. Fifteen years of annual Norwegian-Russian cod comparative age readings. Marine Biology Research 5(1): 54-65.

Zuykova N.V., Koloskova V.P., Mjanger H., Nedreaas K.H., Senneset H., Yaragina N.A., Ågotnes P. and Aanes S. 2009. Age determination of Northeast Arctic cod otoliths through 50 years of history. Marine Biology Research 5(1): 66-74.

Zuykova N.V., Mjanger H. et al. 2020. Report on the meeting between Norwegian and Russian age reading specialists at Polar Branch of FSBSI “VNIRO” Murmansk, 20-24 May 2019. Working document no 8 in: Report of the Arctic Fisheries Working Group (AFWG), 15-22 April 2020. ICES CM 2015/ACOM:05. 639 pp.


3.12 - Tables and figures

Year Subarea 1 Division 2.a Division 2.b Unreported catches Total catch
1961 409 694 153 019 220 508   783 221
1962 548 621 139 848 220 797   909 266
1963 547 469 117 100 111 768   776 337
1964 206 883 104 698 126 114   437 695
1965 241 489 100 011 103 430   444 983
1966 292 253 134 805 56 653   483 711
1967 322 798 128 747 121 060   572 605
1968 642 452 162 472 269 254   1 074 084
1969 679 373 255 599 262 254   1 197 226
1970 603 855 243 835 85 556   933 246
1971 312 505 319 623 56 920   689 048
1972 197 015 335 257 32 982   565 254
1973 492 716 211 762 88 207   792 685
1974 723 489 124 214 254 730   1 102 433
1975 561 701 120 276 147 400   829 377
1976 526 685 237 245 103 533   867 463
1977 538 231 257 073 109 997   905 301
1978 418 265 263 157 17 293   698 715
1979 195 166 235 449 9 923   440 538
1980 168 671 199 313 12 450   380 434
1981 137 033 245 167 16 837   399 037
1982 96 576 236 125 31 029   363 730
1983 64 803 200 279 24 910   289 992
1984 54 317 197 573 25 761   277 651
1985 112 605 173 559 21 756   307 920
1986 157 631 202 688 69 794   430 113
1987 146 106 245 387 131 578   523 071
1988 166 649 209 930 58 360   434 939
1989 164 512 149 360 18 609   332 481
1990 62 272 99 465 25 263 25 000 212 000
1991 70 970 156 966 41 222 50 000 319 158
1992 124 219 172 532 86 483 130 000 513 234
1993 195 771 269 383 66 457 50 000 581 611
1994 353 425 306 417 86 244 25 000 771 086
1995 251 448 317 585 170 966   739 999
1996 278 364 297 237 156 627   732 228
1997 273 376 326 689 162 338   762 403
1998 250 815 257 398 84 411   592 624
1999 159 021 216 898 108 991   484 910
2000 137 197 204 167 73 506   414 870
2001 142 628 185 890 97 953   426 471
2002 184 789 189 013 71 242 90 000 535 045
2003 163 109 222 052 51 829 115 000 551 990
2004 177 888 219 261 92 296 117 000 606 445
2005 159 573 194 644 121 059 166 000 641 276
2006 159 851 204 603 104 743 67 100 537 642
2007 152 522 195 383 97 891 41 087 486 883
2008 144 905 203 244 101 022 15 000 464 171
2009 161 602 207 205 154 623   523 431
2010 183 988 271 337 154 657   609 983
2011 198 333 328 598 192 898   719 829
2012 247 938 331087 148 638   727 663
2013 360 673 421678 183 858   966 209
2014 320 347 468 934 197 168   986 449
2015 272405 375328 216651   864384
2016 321347 351468 176607   849422
2017 309902 360477 197898   868276
201 8 249397 321548 207681   778627
201 9 234985 318539 139084   692609
2020 234029 298707 160166   692903
20211 281198 268942 217144   767284

Data provided by Working Group members

1 Provisional figure

Table 3.1. Northeast Arctic COD. Total catch (t) by fishing areas and unreported catch.

 

Year Norwegian catches of cod removed from the NEAC cod -assessment
v1960–70 38.6
1971–79 no data
1980 40
1981 49
1982 42
1983 38
1984 33
1985 28
1986 26
1987 31
1988 22
1989 17
1990 24
1991 25
1992 35
1993 44
1994 48
1995 39
1996 32
1997 36
1998 29
1999 23
2000 19
2001 14
2002 20
2003 19
2004 14
2005 13
2006 15
2007 13
2008 13
2009 15
2010 13.5
2011 18.8
2012 35.5
2013 30.1
2014 33.6
2015 35.8
2016 54.9
2017 51.0
2018 36.3
2019 40.1
2020 45.3
2021 42.0
Table 3.2. Catches of Norwegian Coastal Cod in subareas 1 and 2, 10 3 tonnes, which are removed from the NEA cod assessment.
Year Subarea 1 Division 2.a Division 2.b
Trawl Others Trawl Others Trawl Others
1967 238 84.8 38.7 90 121.1 -
1968 588.1 54.4 44.2 118.3 269.2 -
1969 633.5 45.9 119.7 135.9 262.3 -
1970 524.5 79.4 90.5 153.3 85.6 -
1971 253.1 59.4 74.5 245.1 56.9 -
1972 158.1 38.9 49.9 285.4 33 -
1973 459 33.7 39.4 172.4 88.2 -
1974 677 46.5 41 83.2 254.7 -
1975 526.3 35.4 33.7 86.6 147.4 -
1976 466.5 60.2 112.3 124.9 103.5 -
1977 471.5 66.7 100.9 156.2 110 -
1978 360.4 57.9 117 146.2 17.3 -
1979 161.5 33.7 114.9 120.5 8.1 -
1980 133.3 35.4 83.7 115.6 12.5 -
1981 91.5 45.1 77.2 167.9 17.2 -
1982 44.8 51.8 65.1 171 21 -
1983 36.6 28.2 56.6 143.7 24.9 -
1984 24.5 29.8 46.9 150.7 25.6 -
1985 72.4 40.2 60.7 112.8 21.5 -
1986 109.5 48.1 116.3 86.4 69.8 -
1987 126.3 19.8 167.9 77.5 129.9 1.7
1988 149.1 17.6 122 88 58.2 0.2
1989 144.4 19.5 68.9 81.2 19.1 0.1
1990 51.4 10.9 47.4 52.1 24.5 0.8
1991 58.9 12.1 73 84 40 1.2
1992 103.7 20.5 79.7 92.8 85.6 0.9
1993 165.1 30.7 155.5 113.9 66.3 0.2
1994 312.1 41.3 165.8 140.6 84.3 1.9
1995 218.1 33.3 174.3 143.3 160.3 10.7
1996 248.9 32.7 137.1 159 147.7 6.8
1997 235.6 37.7 150.5 176.2 154.7 7.6
1998 219.8 31 127 130.4 82.7 1.7
1999 133.3 25.7 101.9 115 107.2 1.8
2000 111.7 25.5 105.4 98.8 72.2 1.3
2001 119.1 23.5 83.1 102.8 95.4 2.5
2002 147.4 37.4 83.4 105.6 69.9 1.3
2003 146 17.1 107.8 114.2 50.1 1.8
2004 154.4 23.5 100.3 118.9 88.8 3.5
2005 132.4 27.2 87 107.7 115.4 5.6
2006 141.8 18.1 91.2 113.4 100.1 4.6
2007 129.6 22.9 84.8 110.6 91.6 6.3
2008 123.8 21.1 94.8 108.4 95.3 5.7
2009 130.1 31.5 102 105.2 142.1 11.4
2010 151.1 32.9 130 141.4 149.2 5.4
2011 158.1 38.4 163.5 167 181 11.9
2012 212.1 35.9 172.7 158.4 133.8 14.9
2013 308.5 52.2 216.9 204.7 159.7 24.1
2014 268.8 51.5 246.8 222.1 177.9 19.3
2015 224.3 48.1 192.2 183.2 197.7 19.0
2016 285.5 35.8 181.7 169.8 156.3 20.3
2017 265.4 44.5 189.5 171.0 180.0 17.9
201 8 204.7 44.7 156.7 164.9 192.0 15.6
201 9 199.4 35.6 177.8 140.7 128.9 10.1
2020 199.4 34.6 157.2 141.5 153.5 6.7
2021 1 220.8 60.4 120.2 148.7 202.1 15.1

Data provided by Working Group members

1 Provisional figures

Table 3.3. Northeast Arctic COD. Total nominal catch ('000 t) by trawl and other gear for each

Table 3.4. Northeast Arctic COD. Nominal catch(t) by countries. (Subarea 1 and divisions 2a and 2b combined, data provided by Working group members
Year Faroe Islands France German Dem. Rep. Fed. Rep. Germany Norway Poland United Kingdom Russia 2   Others Total all countries
1961 3 934 13 755 3 921 8 129 268 377  - 158 113 325 780   1 212 783 221
1962 3 109 20 482 1 532 6 503 225 615 - 175 020 476 760   245 909 266
1963 - 18 318 129 4 223 205 056 108 129 779 417 964   - 775 577
1964 - 8 634 297 3 202 149 878 - 94 549 180 550   585 437 695
1965 - 526 91 3 670 197 085 - 89 962 152 780   816 444 930
1966 - 2 967 228 4 284 203 792 - 103 012 169 300   121 483 704
1967 - 664 45 3 632 218 910 - 87 008 262 340   6 572 605
1968 - - 225 1 073 255 611 - 140 387 676 758   - 1 074 084
1969 29 374 - 5 907 5 543 305 241 7 856 231 066 612 215   133 1 197 226
1970 26 265 44 245 12 413 9 451 377 606 5 153 181481 276 632   - 933 246
1971 5 877 34 772 4 998 9 726 407 044 1 512 80 102 144 802   215 689 048
1972 1 393 8 915 1 300 3405 394 181 892 58 382 96 653   166 565 287
1973 1 916 17 028 4 684 16 751 285 184 843 78 808 387 196   276 792 686
1974 5 717 46 028 4 860 78 507 287 276 9 898 90 894 540 801   38 453 1 102 434
1975 11 309 28 734 9 981 30 037 277 099 7435 101 843 343 580   19 368 829 377
1976 11 511 20 941 8 946 24 369 344 502 6 986 89 061 343 057   18 090 867 463
1977 9 167 15 414 3 463 12 763 388 982 1 084 86 781 369 876   17 771 905 301
1978 9 092 9 394 3 029 5 434 363 088 566 35 449 267 138   5 525 698 715
1979 6 320 3 046 547 2 513 294 821 15 17 991 105 846   9 439 440 538
1980 9 981 1 705 233 1 921 232 242 3 10 366 115 194   8 789 380 434
            Spain          
1981 12 825 3 106 298 2 228 277 818 14 500 5 262 83 000   - 399 037
1982 11 998 761 302 1 717 287 525 14 515 6 601 40 311   - 363 730
1983 11 106 126 473 1 243 234 000 14 229 5 840 22 975   - 289 992
1984 10 674 11 686 1 010 230 743 8 608 3 663 22 256   - 277 651
1985 13 418 23 1 019 4 395 211 065 7 846 3 335 62 489   4 330 307 920
1986 18 667 591 1 543 10 092 232 096 5 497 7 581 150 541   3 505 430 113
1987 15 036 1 986 7 035 268 004 16 223 10 957 202 314   2 515 523 071
1988 15 329 2 551 605 2 803 223 412 10 905 8 107 169 365   1 862 434 939
1989 15 625 3 231 326 3 291 158 684 7 802 7 056 134 593   1 273 332 481
1990 9 584 592 169 1437 88 737 7 950 3 412 74 609   510 187 000
1991 8 981 975 Greenland 2 613 126 226 3 677 3 981 119 427 3   3 278 269 158
1992 11 663 2 3 337 3 911 168 460 6 217 6 120 182 315 Iceland 1 209 383 234
1993 17435 3 572 5 389 5 887 221 051 8 800 11 336 244 860 9 374 3 907 531 611
1994 22 826 1 962 6 882 8 283 318 395 14 929 15 579 291 925 36 737 28 568 746 086
1995 22 262 4 912 7462 7428 319 987 15 505 16 329 296 158 34 214 15 742 739 999
1996 17 758 5 352 6 529 8 326 319 158 15 871 16 061 305 317 23 005 14 851 732 228
1997 20 076 5 353 6426 6 680 357 825 17 130 18 066 313 344 4 200 13 303 762 403
1998 14 290 1 197 6 388 3 841 284 647 14 212 14 294 244 115 1423 8 217 592 624
1999 13 700 2 137 4 093 3 019 223 390 8 994 11 315 210 379 1 985 5 898 484 910
2000 13 350 2 621 5 787 3 513 192 860 8 695 9 165 166 202 7 562 5 115 4 14 870
2001 12 500 2 681 5 727 4 524 188 431 9 196 8 698 183 572 5 917 5 225 426 471
2002 15 693 2 934 6419 4 517 202 559 8 414 8 977 184 072 5 975 5 484 445 045
2003 19 427 2 921 7 026 4 732 191 977 7 924 8 711 182 160 5 963 6 149 436 990
2004 19 226 3 621 8 196 6 187 212 117 11 285 14 004 201 525 7 201 6 082 489 445
2005 16 273 3 491 8 135 5 848 207 825 9 349 10 744 200 077 5 874 7 660 475 276
2006 16 327 4 376 8 164 3 837 201 987 9 219 10 594 203 782 5 972 6 271 470 527
2007 14 788 3 190 5951 4619 199 809 9 496 9298 186 229 7316 5 101 445 796
2008 15 812 3 149 5 617 4 955 196 598 9 658 8 287 190 225 7 535 7 336 449 171
2009 16 905 3 908 4 977 8 585 224 298 12 013 8 632 229 291 7 380 7442 523 431
2010 15 977 4 499 6 584 8 442 264 701 12 657 9 091 267 547 11 299 9 185 609 983
2011 13 429 1 173 7 155 4 621 331 535 13 291 8 210 310 326 12 734 17 354 4 719 829
2012 5 17523 2841 8520 8 500 315 739 12814 11166 329 943 9536 11 081 727 663
2013 13833 7858 7885 8 010 438 734 15042 12536 432 314 14734 15 263 966 209
2014 33298 8149 10864 6 225 431 846 16378 14762 433 479 18205 13 243 986 449
2015 26568 7480 7055 6427 377 983 19905 11778 381 188 16120 9 880 864 384
2016 24084 7946 8607 6 336 348 949 14640 13583 394 107 16031 15 139 849 422
2017 28637 9554 13638 5 977 357419 144 14 16731 396 180 11925 13 802 868 276
2018 26152 6605 12743 9 768 333 539 13143 11533 340 364 10708 14 071 778 627
2019 22270 6371 7553 8 470 282 120 13939 11214 316 813 12294 11 565 692 609
2020 21679 5796 7391 9 725 289 472 11403 12113 312 683 9734 12 908 692 903
2021 1 21767 4459 8246 6 190 337 931 11080 5426 352 064 8933 11 188 767 284
1 Provisional figures.
2 USSR prior to 1991.
3 Includes Baltic countries.
4 Includes unspecified EU catches.
5 Revised figures.

 

Year Area covered Additional area implied in adjustment Adjustment method
1981-92 88.1    
1993 137.6    
1994 161.1    
199 5 191.9    
1996 166.1    
1997 88.4 56.2 Index ratio by age
1998 100.4 51.1 Index ratio by age
1999 118.5    
2000 163.2    
2001 164.7    
2002 157.4    
2003 147.4    
2004 164.4    
2005 179.9    
2006 170.1 18.1 Partly covered strata raised to full strata area
2007 123.9 56.7 Index ratio by age
2008 165.2    
2009 171.8    
2010 160.5    
2011 174.3    
2012 151.3 16.7 Index ratio by age
2013 20 3.6    
2014 2 66.8    
2015 243.3    
2016 228.0    
2017 184.4 37.5 Index ratio by age
2018 236.3    
2019 241.2    
2020 203.2 25.1 Index ratio by age
2021 242.9 10.9 Index ratio by age
2022 242.4    
Table 3.5. Barents Sea winter survey. Area covered (‘000 square nautical miles) and areas implied in the method used to adjust for missing coverage in Russian Economic Zone. In 4 of the 5 adjusted years the adjustments were not based on area ratios, but the “index ratio by age” was used. This means that the index by age (for the area outside REZ) was scaled by the observed ratio between total index and the index outside REZ observed in the years prior to the survey.

Table 3.6. Northeast Arctic cod. Catch numbers-at-age (Thous)
Year_age 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 +gp
1946 4008 10387 18906 16596 13843 15370 59845 22618 10093 9573 5460 1927 750
1947 710 13192 43890 52017 45501 13075 19718 47678 31392 9348 9330 4622 4103
1948 140 3872 31054 55983 77375 21482 15237 9815 30041 7945 4491 3899 4205
1949 991 6808 35214 100497 83283 29727 13207 5606 8617 13154 3657 1895 2167
1950 1281 10954 29045 45233 62579 30037 19481 9172 6019 4133 6750 1662 1450
1951 24687 77924 64013 46867 37535 33673 23510 10589 4221 1288 1002 3322 611
1952 24099 120704 113203 73827 49389 20562 24367 15651 8327 3565 647 467 1044
1953 47413 107659 112040 55500 22742 16863 10559 10553 5637 1752 468 173 156
1954 11473 155171 146395 100751 40635 10713 11791 8557 6751 2370 896 268 123
1955 3902 37652 201834 161336 84031 30451 13713 9481 4140 2406 867 355 128
1956 10614 24172 129803 250472 86784 51091 14987 7465 3952 1655 1292 448 166
1957 17321 33931 27182 70702 87033 39213 17747 6219 3232 1220 347 299 173
1958 31219 133576 71051 40737 38380 35786 13338 10475 3289 1070 252 40 141
1959 32308 77942 148285 53480 18498 17735 23118 9483 3748 997 254 161 98
1960 37882 97865 64222 67425 23117 8429 7240 11675 4504 1843 354 102 226
1961 45478 132655 123458 51167 38740 17376 5791 6778 5560 1682 910 280 108
1962 42416 170566 167241 89460 28297 21996 7956 2728 2603 1647 392 280 103
1963 13196 106984 205549 95498 35518 16221 11894 3884 1021 1025 498 129 157
1964 5298 45912 97950 58575 19642 9162 6196 3553 783 172 387 264 131
1965 15725 25999 78299 68511 25444 8438 3569 1467 1161 131 61 79 197
1966 55937 55644 34676 42539 37169 18500 5077 1495 380 403 77 9 70
1967 34467 160048 69235 22061 26295 25139 11323 2329 687 316 225 40 14
1968 3709 174585 267961 107051 26701 16399 11597 3657 657 122 124 70 46
1969 2307 24545 238511 181239 79363 26989 13463 5092 1913 414 121 23 46
1970 7164 10792 25813 137829 96420 31920 8933 3249 1232 260 106 39 35
1971 7754 13739 11831 9527 59290 52003 12093 2434 762 418 149 42 25
1972 35536 45431 26832 12089 7918 34885 22315 4572 1215 353 315 121 40
1973 294262 131493 61000 20569 7248 8328 19130 4499 677 195 81 59 55
1974 91855 437377 203772 47006 12630 4370 2523 5607 2127 322 151 83 62
1975 45282 59798 226646 118567 29522 9353 2617 1555 1928 575 231 15 37
1976 85337 114341 79993 118236 47872 13962 4051 936 558 442 139 26 53
1977 39594 168609 136335 52925 61821 23338 5659 1521 610 271 122 92 54
1978 78822 45400 88495 56823 25407 31821 9408 1227 913 446 748 48 51
1979 8600 77484 43677 31943 16815 8274 10974 1785 427 103 59 38 45
1980 3911 17086 81986 40061 17664 7442 3508 3196 678 79 24 26 8
1981 3407 9466 20803 63433 21788 9933 4267 1311 882 109 37 3 1
1982 8948 20933 19345 28084 42496 8395 2878 708 271 260 27 5 5
1983 3108 19594 20473 17656 17004 18329 2545 646 229 74 58 20 5
1984 6942 14240 18807 20086 15145 8287 5988 783 232 153 49 12 8
1985 24634 45769 27806 19418 11369 3747 1557 768 137 36 31 32 8
1986 28968 70993 78672 25215 11711 4063 976 726 557 136 28 34 14
1987 13648 137106 98210 61407 13707 3866 910 455 187 227 21 59 20
1988 9828 22774 135347 54379 21015 3304 1236 519 106 69 43 14 5
1989 5085 17313 32165 81756 27854 5501 827 290 41 13 1 11 16
1990 1911 7551 12999 17827 30007 6810 828 179 59 15 6 5 2
1991 4963 10933 16467 20342 19479 25193 3888 428 48 12 1 1 2
1992 21835 36015 27494 23392 18351 13541 18321 2529 264 82 3 9 1
1993 10094 46182 63578 33623 14866 9449 6571 12593 1749 377 63 22 1
1994 6531 59444 102548 59766 32504 10019 6163 3671 7528 995 121 19 4
1995 4879 42587 115329 98485 32036 7334 3014 1725 1174 1920 222 41 1
1996 7655 28782 80711 100509 54590 10545 2023 930 462 230 809 84 1
1997 12827 36491 69633 83017 65768 28392 4651 1151 373 213 144 238 1
1998 31887 88874 48972 40493 34513 26354 6583 965 197 69 42 22 53
1999 7501 77714 92816 31139 15778 15851 8828 1837 195 40 34 8 30
2000 4701 33094 93044 47210 12671 6677 4787 1647 321 71 11 1 14
2001 5044 35019 62139 62456 22794 5266 1773 1163 343 85 6 7 22
2002 2348 31033 76175 67656 42122 11527 1801 529 223 120 21 9 6
2003 7263 20885 64447 71109 36706 14002 2887 492 142 97 21 43 1
2004 2090 38226 50826 68350 50838 18118 6239 1746 295 127 39 16 8
2005 5815 19768 113144 61665 44777 20553 6285 2348 562 100 21 24 7
2006 8548 47207 33625 78150 31770 15667 7245 1788 737 210 26 45 155
2007 25473 43817 62877 26303 34392 11240 4080 1381 505 285 44 13 35
2008 8459 51704 40656 35072 14037 20676 5503 1794 715 229 42 26 13
2009 4866 38711 83998 46639 20789 8417 8920 1957 872 987 76 21 20
2010 1778 16193 53855 75853 36797 17062 4784 4325 3034 913 189 49 35
2011 1418 8033 32472 70938 73875 21116 11708 5058 3237 600 434 12 0
2012 2695 10462 16646 40372 70014 48315 12326 5214 1926 1124 317 70 24
2013 2903 13659 22752 21020 54231 74451 47124 9143 2963 694 449 89 145
2014 5234 19226 38407 36633 29901 56109 47540 22738 3717 1169 313 210 157
2015 4315 31383 41181 51209 33745 22530 23609 24553 16071 2510 468 134 254
2016 2076 11291 50231 43609 35265 23417 14592 20105 15862 4781 871 249 308
2017 6535 13128 28365 66504 46136 28507 15307 10073 12169 6465 1927 399 285
2018 6120 28569 27128 33816 54328 28323 16208 9722 7132 3740 2295 840 271
2019 4389 21405 48422 29849 26548 39759 17395 8883 4606 2109 715 564 322
2020 3992 22446 37649 52454 31009 20904 23618 11768 6130 1572 591 310 278
2021 2983 17935 54005 59732 59136 22397 14744 13589 4919 1737 678 228 344

 

Year Age
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15+
Norway
1983 0.41 0.82 1.32 2.05 2.82 3.94 5.53 7.70 9.17 11.46 16.59 16.42 16.96 24.46
1984 1.16 1.47 1.97 2.53 3.13 3.82 4.81 5.95 7.19 7.86 8.46 7.99 9.78 10.64
1985 0.34 0.99 1.43 2.14 3.27 4.68 6.05 7.73 9.86 11.87 14.16 14.17 13.52 15.33
1986 0.30 0.67 1.34 2.04 3.14 4.60 5.78 6.70 7.52 9.74 10.68 12.86 9.59 16.31
1987 0.24 0.48 0.88 1.66 2.72 4.35 6.21 8.78 9.78 12.50 13.75 15.12 10.43 19.95
1988 0.36 0.56 0.83 1.31 2.34 3.84 6.50 8.76 9.97 11.06 14.43 19.02 12.89 10.16
1989 0.53 0.75 0.90 1.17 1.95 3.20 4.88 7.82 9.40 11.52 11.47   19.47 14.68
1990 0.40 0.81 1.22 1.59 2.14 3.29 4.99 7.83 10.54 14.21 17.63 7.97 14.64  
1991 0.63 1.37 1.77 2.31 3.01 3.68 4.63 6.06 8.98 12.89 17.00   14.17 16.63
1992 0.41 1.10 1.79 2.45 3.22 4.33 5.27 6.21 8.10 10.51 11.59   15.81 6.52
1993 0.30 0.83 1.70 2.41 3.35 4.27 5.45 6.28 7.10 7.82 10.10 16.03 19.51 17.68
1994 0.30 0.82 1.37 2.23 3.35 4.27 5.56 6.86 7.45 7.98 9.53 12.16 11.45 19.79
1995 0.44 0.78 1.26 1.87 2.80 4.12 5.15 5.96 7.90 8.67 9.20 11.53 17.77 21.11
1996 0.29 0.90 1.15 1.67 2.58 4.08 6.04 6.62 7.96 9.36 10.55 11.41 9.51 24.24
1997 0.35 0.78 1.14 1.56 2.25 3.48 5.35 7.38 7.55 8.30 11.15 8.64 12.80  
1998 0.38 0.68 1.03 1.64 2.23 3.24 4.85 6.88 9.18 9.84 15.78 14.37 13.77 15.58
1999 0.46 0.88 1.16 1.65 2.40 3.12 4.26 6.00 6.52 10.64 14.05 12.67 9.20 17.22
2000 0.31 0.65 1.23 1.80 2.54 3.58 4.49 5.71 7.54 7.86 12.71 14.71 15.40 20.26
2001 0.30 0.77 1.18 1.83 2.75 3.64 4.88 5.93 7.43 8.90 10.22 11.11 13.03 18.85
2002 0.31 0.90 1.40 1.90 2.60 3.55 4.60 5.80 7.40 9.56 8.71 12.92 8.42 17.61
2003 0.55 0.88 1.39 2.01 2.63 3.59 4.83 5.57 7.262 9.36 9.52 9.52 10.68 21.66
2004 0.54 1.08 1.41 1.95 2.69 3.46 4.77 6.72 7.90 8.66 12.21 14.02 16.50 11.37
2005 0.58 0.92 1.38 1.86 2.61 3.54 4.57 6.41 8.24 9.89 11.04 14.08 11.81 20.08
2006 0.51 0.97 1.45 2.06 2.71 3.56 4.57 5.53 6.61 7.53 8.55 8.44 9.82 12.31
2007 0.53 1.07 1.70 2.37 3.26 4.36 5.45 6.71 8.08 8.56 9.75 11.72 12.72 15.58
2008 0.65 1.12 1.70 2.44 3.32 4.41 5.61 6.84 8.25 9.31 10.54 12.45 13.59 21.15
2009 0.56 0.98 1.47 2.10 2.83 3.90 5.06 5.76 7.31 7.79 7.81 10.68 11.83 14.76
2010 0.55 0.95 1.46 2.06 2.93 4.02 5.40 6.44 7.19 8.43 9.11 10.46 11.39 15.55
2011 0.53 1.09 1.50 2.06 2.85 3.70 5.01 6.26 7.33 8.34 9.87 13.23    
2012   0.83 1.32 1.92 2.65 3.52 4.71 6.34 8.11 9.92 11.31 13.45 15.75  
2013 0.43 0.95 1.40 2.00 2.64 3.44 4.51 5.67 7.29 8.80 10.33 11.38 12.56  
2014 0.59 1.07 1.55 2.15 2.80 3.70 4.57 5.78 6.97 8.35 9.46 10.99 12.28 15.49
2015 0.64 0.96 1.42 1.96 2.57 3.30 4.13 5.49 6.46 7.18 8.63 10.37 12.24 14.60
2016 0.59 0.96 1.46 1.99 2.71 3.57 4.56 5.78 6.82 8.08 9.33 10.01 11.68 14.79
2017 0.55 0.99 1.53 2.06 2.69 3.64 4.72 5.91 6.91 7.88 9.41 10.93 11.78 15.07
2018 0.62 1.05 1.51 2.11 2.80 3.48 4.54 5.80 6.97 7.64 9.11 10.29 11.35 14.05
2019 0.51 0.96 1.43 2.02 2.72 3.60 4.51 5.80 6.91 7.94 8.89 10.94 11.55 14.49
2020 0.58 0.94 1.42 2.01 2.66 3.50 4.59 5.77 7.03 8.46 9.78 10.97 12.74 16.08
2021 0.39 0.75 1.27 1.86 2.55 3.42 4.52 5.86 7.13 8.55 10.09 11.79 12.98 15.75

Table 3.7. Northeast Arctic COD. Weights-at-age (kg) in landings from various countries

 

Year Age
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15+
Russia (trawl only)
1983 0.65 1.05 1.58 2.31 3.39 4.87 6.86 8.72 10.40 12.07 14.43      
1984 0.53 0.88 1.45 2.22 3.21 4.73 6.05 8.43 10.34 12.61 14.95      
1985 0.33 0.77 1.31 1.84 2.96 4.17 5.94 6.38 8.58 10.28        
1986 0.29 0.61 1.14 1.75 2.45 4.17 6.18 8.04 9.48 11.33 12.35 14.13    
1987 0.24 0.52 0.88 1.42 2.07 2.96 5.07 7.56 8.93 10.80 13.05 18.16    
1988 0.27 0.49 0.88 1.32 2.06 3.02 4.40 6.91 9.15 11.65 12.53 14.68    
1989 0.50 0.73 1.00 1.39 1.88 2.67 4.06 6.09 7.76 9.88        
1990 0.45 0.83 1.21 1.70 2.27 3.16 4.35 6.25 8.73 10.85 13.52      
1991 0.36 0.64 1.05 2.03 2.85 3.77 4.92 6.13 8.36 10.44 15.84 19.33    
1992 0.55 1.20 1.44 2.07 3.04 4.24 5.14 5.97 7.25 9.28 11.36      
1993 0.48 0.78 1.39 2.06 2.62 4.07 5.72 6.79 7.59 11.26 14.79 17.71    
1994 0.41 0.81 1.24 1.80 2.55 2.88 4.96 6.91 8.12 10.28 12.42 16.93    
1995 0.37 0.77 1.21 1.74 2.37 3.40 4.71 6.73 8.47 9.58 12.03 16.99    
1996 0.30 0.64 1.09 1.60 2.37 3.42 5.30 7.86 8.86 10.87 11.80      
1997 0.30 0.57 1.00 1.52 2.18 3.30 4.94 7.15 10.08 11.87 13.54      
1998 0.33 0.68 1.06 1.60 2.34 3.39 5.03 6.89 10.76 12.39 13.61 14.72    
1999 0.24 0.58 0.98 1.41 2.17 3.26 4.42 5.70 7.27 10.24 14.12      
2000 0.18 0.48 0.85 1.44 2.16 3.12 4.44 5.79 7.49 9.66 10.36      
2001 0.12 0.31 0.62 1.00 1.53 2.30 3.31 4.57 6.55 8.11 9.52 11.99    
2002 0.20 0.60 1.05 1.46 2.14 3.27 4.47 6.23 8.37 10.06 12.37      
2003 0.23 0.63 1.06 1.78 2.40 3.41 4.86 6.28 7.55 11.10 13.41 12.12 14.51  
2004 0.30 0.57 1.09 1.55 2.37 3.20 4.73 6.92 8.41 9.77 11.08      
2005 0.33 0.65 0.98 1.50 2.10 3.08 4.31 5.81 8.42 10.37 13.56 14.13    
2006 0.27 0.68 1.05 1.49 2.25 3.16 4.54 5.90 8.59 10.31 12.31      
2007 0.23 0.67 1.12 1.66 2.25 3.31 4.57 6.27 8.20 10.02 12.36 12.42    
2008 0.28 0.64 1.16 1.74 2.65 3.58 4.74 5.73 7.32 8.07 9.52 12.52    
2009 0.31 0.64 1.09 1.58 2.11 3.19 4.80 6.58 7.97 9.84 11.51      
2010 0.25 0.57 1.00 1.64 2.28 3.14 4.53 5.98 8.03 9.71 10.70 13.53    
2011 0.25 0.62 1.05 1.56 2.18 2.95 4.33 6.21 8.04 10.13 12.25 15.18    
2012 0.29 0.60 1.07 1.66 2.25 2.95 4.17 6.23 8.58 11.08 12.24 14.07 15.22 16.39
2013 0.33 0.63 1.05 1.54 2.26 3.09 4.08 5.47 7.37 9.59 12.57 15.54 17.05  
2014 0.32 0.61 1.05 1.61 2.26 3.15 4.00 5.24 7.13 9.46 11.18 14.47    
2015 0.30 0.60 0.97 1.49 2.11 3.13 4.64 5.78 7.13 9.53 12.12 16.71 17.37  
2016 0.26 0.55 0.97 1.53 2.20 3.19 4.50 6.12 7.97 9.55 10.95 14.35 14.74 17.25
2017 0.33 0.63 1.03 1.56 2.24 3.24 4.67 6.34 7.74 9.40 11.12 14.43 16.67 11.91
2018 0.33 0.68 1.06 1.62 2.40 3.22 4.66 6.23 7.79 8.91 10.26 11.26 13.41 10.14
2019 0.29 0.62 1.10 1.60 2.33 3.22 4.44 6.45 8.10 9.60 11.02 13.83 10.65 10.65
2020 0.27 0.47 0.93 1.44 2.05 2.95 4.28 5.73 7.59 8.45 10.66 12.26 12.18 12.23
2021 0.19 0.44 0.76 1.35 2.02 2.81 4.25 6.26 7.81 9.59 10.67 10.86 13.62 12.31
Table 3.7. Northeast Arctic COD. Weights-at-age (kg) in landings from various countries (continued)

Year Age
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15+
Germany (Division IIa and IIb)
1994   0.68 1.04 2.24 3.49 4.51 5.79 6.93 8.16 8.46 8.74 9.48 15.25  
1995   0.44 0.84 1.5 2.72 3.81 4.46 4.81 7.37 7.69 8.25 9.47    
1996   0.84 1.15 1.64 2.53 3.58 4.13 3.9 4.68 6.98 6.43 11.32    
1997   0.43 0.92 1.42 2.01 3.15 4.04 5.16 4.82 3.96 7.04 8.8    
1998 0.23 0.73 1.17 1.89 2.72 3.25 4.13 5.63 6.5 8.57 8.42 11.45 8.79  
19991   0.853 1.448 1.998 2.65 3.473 4.156 5.447 6.82 5.902   8.01    
20002 0.26 0.73 1.36 2.04 2.87 3.67 4.88 5.78 7.05 8.45 8.67 9.33 6.88  
2001 0.38 0.80 1.21 1.90 2.74 3.90 4.99 5.69 7.15 7.32 11.72 9.11 6.60  
2002 0.35 1.00 1.31 1.80 2.53 3.64 4.38 5.07 6.82 9.21 7.59 13.18 19.17 19.20
2003 0.22 0.44 1.04 1.71 2.31 3.27 4.93 6.17 7.77 9.61 9.99 12.29 13.59  
20042 0.22 0.73 1.01 1.75 2.58 3.33 4.73 6.32 7.20 8.45 9.20 11.99 10.14 13.11
20053 0.57 0.77 1.13 1.66 2.33 3.36 4.38 5.92 6.65 7.26 10.01 11.14    
20062 0.71 0.91 1.39 1.88 2.56 3.77 5.33 6.68 9.14 10.89 11.51 16.83 18.77  
20073 0.59 1.35 1.79 2.51 3.53 4.00 4.95 6.55 7.54 9.71 11.40 11.57 23.34 15.61
20083 0.23 0.51 1.14 1.76 2.57 3.15 4.40 5.43 7.18 8.39 10.15 10.03 10.99 14.26
20093 0.35 0.60 1.19 1.83 2.96 4.08 5.61 6.97 8.55 9.13 10.54 13.34 10.30 17.06
20103 0.36 0.67 0.93 1.71 2.46 3.21 4.93 6.75 7.80 8.70 8.53 10.17 12.36 14.11
20111     1.75 3.09 3.30 3.28 4.13 4.99 6.61 7.91 9.38 10.79 14.67 14.91
20133     1.03 1.37 1.87 2.65 3.45 4.49 7.26 11.42 12.86 13.07    
20144   0.68 0.96 1.39 1.69 3.06 4.07 5.65 8.15 10.36 13.07 13.52    
20154 0.82 1.05 1.67 2.33 3.56 4.50 5.41 6.20 6.39          
20161   1.38 2.60 3.55 4.81 6.33 7.61 8.90 9.26 10.83 13.41 16.84 17.03 17.76
20171   1.58 2.79 3.93 3.93 4.77 6.35 8.16 9.09 10.39 11.24 12.48 14.39 13.04
20183 0.58 1.16 1.76 2.45 3.34 4.13 5.81 7.16 8.99 9.96 10.85 11.73 14.01 17.79
20191   0.82 1.37 1.80 2.26 3.49 4.45 5.44 7.08 9.25 9.39 13.30 12.24 15.25
20205     1.6 1.63 2.48 3.13 5.01 5.93 8.36 9.31 12.16 12.96 12.77 14.08
20212   0.68 1.3 1.52 2.25 3.22 4.58 6.49 7.43 10.37 11.73 14.64 14.34 15.74
Division IIa only
IIa and IIb combined
I,IIa and IIb combined
Division II b only
I and IIa combined
Table 3.7. Northeast Arctic COD. Weights-at-age (kg) in landings from various countries (continued)

Year Age
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15+
Spain (Division IIb)
1994 0.43 1.08 1.38 2.32 2.47 2.68 3.46 5.20 7.04 6.79 7.20 8.04 10.46 15.35
1995 0.42 0.51 0.98 1.99 3.41 4.95 5.52 8.62 9.21 11.42 9.78 8.08    
1996   0.66 1.12 1.57 2.43 3.17 3.59 4.44 5.48 6.79 8.10      
19971 0.51 0.65 1.22 1.68 2.60 3.39 4.27 6.67 7.88 11.34 13.33 10.03 8.69  
1998 0.47 0.74 1.15 1.82 2.44 3.32 3.71 5.00 7.26          
19991 0.21 0.69 1.06 1.69 2.50 3.32 4.72 5.76 6.77 7.24 7.63      
20001 0.23 0.61 1.24 1.75 2.47 3.12 4.65 6.06 7.66 10.94 11.40 7.20    
2001 0.23 0.64 1.25 1.95 2.86 3.55 4.95 6.46 8.50 11.07 13.09      
2002 0.16 0.55 1.00 1.48 2.17 3.29 4.47 5.35 8.29 12.23 9.01 12.16 15.2  
2003   0.58 1.05 1.70 2.33 3.33 4.92 6.24 9.98 13.07 14.74 14.17    
20041 0.31 0.56 0.80 1.28 1.96 2.59 3.72 5.36 5.28 7.41   11.43    
20051   0.63 1.14 1.85 2.48 3.43 4.25 5.38 8.41 11.19 15.04 16.93    
2006 0.30 0.61 0.99 1.46 2.04 2.55 3.39 3.50 4.70 6.36        
2007 0.42 0.60 1.20 1.76 2.40 3.18 3.96 5.19 6.61 9.48 7.65 12.65 15.74 19.66
20091 0.12 0.45 0.95 1.60 2.18 3.36 4.52 6.04 7.30 9.42 10.35 11.47 12.54  
20102 0.18 0.56 1.11 1.73 2.36 3.36 5.14 6.88 8.64 9.65 6.83      
20111   0.45 0.90 1.26 1.84 2.55 4.08 5.61 8.17 8.14 7.31 8.91    
20122   0.40 0.84 1.29 1.96 2.78 3.71 4.99 7.42   7.19 9.32    
2013 0.17 0.72 1.06 1.63 2.36 3.14 3.90 4.36 6.55          
2014 0.24 0.43 0.74 1.27 1.85 2.60 3.56 4.51 5.52 7.18 9.42 9.26 13.16 15.05
20152   0.40 0.80 1.19 1.79 2.45 3.38 4.41 5.85 6.64 7.48 6.77    
20163 0.11 0.38 0.76 1.20 1.72 2.50 3.39 4.96 7.11 8.56        
20172 0.12 0.42 0.75 1.17 1.69 2.50 3.39 4.47 5.69 5.93 6.00 10.91 13.57 10.52
20182 0.19 0.45 0.83 1.30 1.86 2.57 3.55 4.92 5.51 7.84 7.08 7.28    
20192 0.19 0.39 0.90 1.30 1.85 2.65 3.48 4.83 5.96 5.67 7.04 8.36    
20212   0.36 0.60 1.20 1.83 2.49 3.11 4.55 6.10 6.50 7.03   9.013 17.13
IIa and IIb combined
I,IIa and IIb combined
I and IIb combined
Iceland (Sub-area I)
1994 0.42 0.85 1.44 2.77 3.54 4.08 5.84 6.37 7.02 7.48 7.37      
1995   1.17 0.91 1.60 2.28 3.61 4.73 6.27     6.26      
1996   0.36 0.99 1.55 2.83 3.79 4.81 5.34 7.25 7.68 9.08 8.98 10.52  
1997 0.42 0.43 0.76 1.60 2.40 3.45 4.40 5.74 6.15   8.28 10.52 9.89  
UK (England & Wales)
19951     1.47 2.11 3.47 5.57 6.43 7.17 8.12 8.05 10.2 10.1    
19962     1.55 1.81 2.42 3.61 6.3 6.47 7.83 7.91 8.93 9.38 10.9  
19972     1.93 2.17 3.07 4.17 4.89 6.46   12.3 8.44      
1Division IIa and IIb 2Division IIa
Poland (Division IIb)
2006 0.18 0.51 0.89 1.55 2.23 3.6 5.28 6.95 8.478 11 10.8 15.6 18.9  
2008   0.49 0.90 1.45 2.24 2.79 3.82 4.68 5.015 6.45 7.02 7.22 5.99 6.91
2009     1.02 1.72 2.65 3.81 5.23 6.91 8.862 11.1 13.6 16.5    
2010     1.39 1.66 2.29 2.98 3.92 5.18 6.313 6.66 8.72 9.05    
2011     0.99 1.50 2.17 3.15 4.43 7.45 7.28          
20161   0.84 1.59 2.29 2.81 3.91 4.78 5.61 6.709 7.89 8.54 11.6 13.7 16.09
20172   0.71 1.23 1.52 2.47 3.52 4.78 6.97 9.193 9.95 10.9 14.1    
20183   0.74 1.15 1.66 2.45 3.55 4.48 6.06 6.31 7.59 7.91 8.28 8.52 9.40
20191       1.57 2.00 2.69 4.04 5.61 7.23 9.13 11.62 12.41 13.46 11.47
Division IIa
Division IIa and IIb
I and IIb combined
Table 3.7. Northeast Arctic COD. Weights at age (kg) in landings from various countries (continued)

Year_age 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 +gp
1946 0.35 0.59 1.11 1.69 2.37 3.17 3.98 5.05 5.92 7.2 8.15 8.13 9.25
1947 0.32 0.56 0.95 1.5 2.14 2.92 3.65 4.56 5.84 7.42 8.85 8.79 10
1948 0.34 0.53 1.26 1.93 2.46 3.36 4.22 5.31 5.92 7.09 8.43 8.18 9.43
1949 0.37 0.67 1.11 1.66 2.5 3.23 4.07 5.27 5.99 7.08 8.22 8.26 8.7
1950 0.39 0.64 1.29 1.7 2.36 3.48 4.52 5.62 6.4 7.96 8.89 9.07 10.27
1951 0.4 0.83 1.39 1.88 2.54 3.46 4.88 5.2 7.14 8.22 9.39 9.5 9.52
1952 0.44 0.8 1.33 1.92 2.64 3.71 5.06 6.05 7.42 8.43 10.19 10.13 10.56
1953 0.4 0.76 1.28 1.93 2.81 3.72 5.06 6.34 7.4 8.67 10.24 11.41 11.93
1954 0.44 0.77 1.26 1.97 3.03 4.33 5.4 6.75 7.79 10.67 9.68 9.56 11.11
1955 0.32 0.57 1.13 1.73 2.75 3.94 4.9 7.04 7.2 8.78 10.08 11.02 12.11
1956 0.33 0.58 1.07 1.83 2.89 4.25 5.55 7.28 8 8.35 9.94 10.25 11.56
1957 0.33 0.59 1.02 1.82 2.89 4.28 5.49 7.51 8.24 9.25 10.61 10.82 12.07
1958 0.34 0.52 0.95 1.92 2.94 4.21 5.61 7.35 8.67 9.58 11.63 11 13.83
1959 0.35 0.72 1.47 2.68 3.59 4.32 5.45 6.44 7.17 8.63 11.62 11.95 13
1960 0.34 0.51 1.09 2.13 3.38 4.87 6.12 8.49 7.79 8.3 11.42 11.72 13.42
1961 0.31 0.55 1.05 2.2 3.23 5.11 6.15 8.15 8.68 9.6 11.95 13.18 13.42
1962 0.32 0.55 0.93 1.7 3.03 5.03 6.55 7.7 9.27 10.56 12.72 13.48 14.44
1963 0.32 0.61 0.96 1.73 3.04 4.96 6.44 7.91 9.62 11.31 12.74 13.19 14.29
1964 0.33 0.55 0.95 1.86 3.25 4.97 6.41 8.07 9.34 10.16 12.89 13.25 14
1965 0.38 0.68 1.03 1.49 2.41 3.52 5.73 7.54 8.47 11.17 13.72 13.46 14.12
1966 0.44 0.74 1.18 1.78 2.46 3.82 5.36 7.27 8.63 10.66 14.15 14 15
1967 0.29 0.81 1.35 2.04 2.81 3.48 4.89 7.11 9.03 10.59 13.83 14.15 16.76
1968 0.33 0.7 1.48 2.12 3.14 4.21 5.27 6.65 9.01 9.66 14.85 16.3 17
1969 0.44 0.79 1.23 2.03 2.9 3.81 5.02 6.43 8.33 10.71 14.21 15 17
1970 0.37 0.91 1.34 2 3 4.15 5.59 7.6 8.97 10.99 14.07 14.61 16
1971 0.45 0.88 1.38 2.16 3.07 4.22 5.81 7.13 8.62 10.83 12.95 14.25 15.97
1972 0.38 0.77 1.43 2.12 3.23 4.38 5.83 7.62 9.52 12.09 13.67 13.85 16
1973 0.38 0.91 1.54 2.26 3.29 4.61 6.57 8.37 10.54 11.62 13.9 14 15.84
1974 0.32 0.66 1.17 2.22 3.21 4.39 5.52 7.86 9.82 11.41 13.24 13.7 14.29
1975 0.41 0.64 1.11 1.9 2.95 4.37 5.74 8.77 9.92 11.81 13.11 14 14.29
1976 0.35 0.73 1.19 2.01 2.76 4.22 5.88 9.3 10.28 11.86 13.54 14.31 14.28
1977 0.49 0.9 1.43 2.05 3.3 4.56 6.46 8.63 9.93 10.9 13.67 14.26 14.91
1978 0.49 0.81 1.45 2.15 3.04 4.46 6.54 7.98 10.15 10.85 13.18 14 15
1979 0.35 0.7 1.24 2.14 3.15 4.29 6.58 8.61 9.22 10.89 14.34 14.5 15.31
1980 0.27 0.56 1.02 1.72 3.02 4.2 5.84 7.26 8.84 9.28 14.45 15 15.5
1981 0.49 0.98 1.44 2.09 2.98 4.85 6.57 9.16 10.82 10.77 13.93 15 16
1982 0.37 0.66 1.35 1.99 2.93 4.24 6.46 8.51 12.24 10.78 14.04 15 16
1983 0.84 1.37 2.09 2.86 3.99 5.58 7.77 9.29 11.55 11.42 12.8 14.18 15.55
1984 1.42 1.93 2.49 3.14 3.91 4.91 6.02 7.4 8.13 11.42 12.8 14.18 15.55
1985 0.94 1.37 2.02 3.22 4.63 6.04 7.66 9.81 11.8 11.42 12.8 14.18 15.55
1986 0.64 1.27 1.88 2.79 4.49 5.84 6.83 7.69 9.81 11.42 12.8 14.18 15.55
1987 0.49 0.88 1.55 2.33 3.44 5.92 8.6 9.6 12.17 11.42 12.8 14.18 15.55
1988 0.54 0.85 1.32 2.24 3.52 5.35 8.06 9.51 11.36 11.42 12.8 14.18 15.55
1989 0.74 0.96 1.31 1.92 2.93 4.64 7.52 9.12 11.08 11.42 12.8 14.18 15.55
1990 0.81 1.22 1.64 2.22 3.24 4.68 7.3 9.84 13.25 11.42 12.8 14.18 15.55
1991 1.05 1.45 2.15 2.89 3.75 4.71 6.08 8.82 11.8 11.42 12.8 14.18 15.55
1992 1.16 1.57 2.21 3.1 4.27 5.19 6.14 7.77 10.12 11.42 12.8 14.18 15.55
1993 0.81 1.52 2.16 2.79 4.07 5.53 6.47 7.19 7.98 11.457 12.8 14.18 15.55
1994 0.82 1.3 2.06 2.89 3.21 5.2 6.8 7.57 8.01 9.955 13.012 14.18 15.55
1995 0.77 1.2 1.78 2.59 3.81 4.99 6.23 8.05 8.74 9.774 11.388 14.546 15.55
1996 0.79 1.11 1.61 2.46 3.82 5.72 6.74 8.04 9.28 10.451 11.19 12.819 16.045
1997 0.67 1.04 1.53 2.22 3.42 5.2 7.19 7.73 8.61 11.145 11.926 12.608 14.234
1998 0.68 1.05 1.62 2.3 3.3 4.86 6.87 9.3 10.3 10.754 12.676 13.394 14.011
1999 0.63 1.01 1.54 2.34 3.21 4.29 6 6.73 10.08 11.151 12.255 14.191 14.839
2000 0.57 1.04 1.61 2.34 3.34 4.48 5.72 7.52 8.02 11.93 12.682 13.743 15.675
2001 0.66 1.05 1.62 2.51 3.51 4.78 6.04 7.54 9 10.23 13.519 14.197 15.206
2002 0.72 1.13 1.56 2.31 3.52 4.78 6.2 7.66 9.14 10.379 11.687 15.081 15.681
2003 0.67 1.12 1.83 2.5 3.58 5.04 6.36 8.2 10.71 10.167 11.848 13.138 16.602
2004 0.72 1.13 1.61 2.43 3.27 4.72 6.71 7.98 9.19 10.84 11.619 13.31 14.571
2005 0.69 1.08 1.57 2.21 3.26 4.44 6.23 8.19 9.72 10.626 12.347 13.066 14.752
2006 0.72 1.16 1.6 2.39 3.32 4.54 5.47 6.78 7.7 10.8 12.116 13.842 14.494
2007 0.74 1.21 1.83 2.51 3.82 5.04 6.58 8.08 8.94 10.349 12.304 13.596 15.309
2008 0.77 1.27 1.87 2.82 3.79 5.12 6.22 7.75 8.4 10.139 11.816 13.795 15.052
2009 0.75 1.17 1.74 2.42 3.86 5.35 6.43 8.01 8.67 10.055 11.588 13.276 15.261
2010 0.78 1.2 1.74 2.44 3.4 5.04 6.25 7.32 8.53 10.378 11.496 13.033 14.715
2011 0.78 1.31 1.72 2.37 3.2 4.62 6.18 7.47 8.57 10.387 11.847 12.935 14.459
2012 0.67 1.14 1.73 2.34 3.12 4.4 6.28 8.24 10.35 10.367 11.857 13.309 14.356
2013 0.71 1.17 1.67 2.36 3.19 4.22 5.58 7.31 9.08 11.029 11.835 13.32 14.75
2014 0.79 1.2 1.73 2.34 3.28 4.21 5.49 6.98 8.67 10.823 12.551 13.297 14.761
2015 0.78 1.09 1.55 2.18 3.14 4.46 5.61 6.62 7.34 10.215 12.328 14.058 14.737
2016 0.78 1.14 1.66 2.26 3.25 4.5 5.98 7.31 8.54 9.372 11.67 13.822 15.536
2017 0.71 1.15 1.66 2.32 3.32 4.67 6.13 7.15 8.14 9.597 10.752 13.121 15.288
2018 0.86 1.17 1.71 2.5 3.31 4.61 6.03 7.32 8.06 9.707 10.998 12.137 14.552
2019 0.68 1.15 1.66 2.39 3.33 4.45 6.11 7.29 8.41 9.806 11.117 12.401 13.513
2020 0.709 1.084 1.604 2.195 3.092 4.39 5.731 7.218 8.406 9.989 11.226 12.529 13.793
2021 0.527 0.896 1.487 2.159 2.982 4.364 6.048 7.348 8.796 9.991 11.424 12.645 13.928
Table 3.8. Northeast Arctic COD. Catch weights at age (kg)

 

Year_age 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 +gp
1946 0.35 0.59 1.11 1.69 2.37 3.17 3.98 5.05 5.92 7.2 8.146 8.133 9.253
1947 0.32 0.56 0.95 1.5 2.14 2.92 3.65 4.56 5.84 7.42 8.848 8.789 9.998
1948 0.34 0.53 1.26 1.93 2.46 3.36 4.22 5.31 5.92 7.09 8.43 8.181 9.433
1949 0.37 0.67 1.11 1.66 2.5 3.23 4.07 5.27 5.99 7.08 8.218 8.259 8.701
1950 0.39 0.64 1.29 1.7 2.36 3.48 4.52 5.62 6.4 7.96 8.891 9.07 10.271
1951 0.4 0.83 1.39 1.88 2.54 3.46 4.88 5.2 7.14 8.22 9.389 9.502 9.517
1952 0.44 0.8 1.33 1.92 2.64 3.71 5.06 6.05 7.42 8.43 10.185 10.134 10.563
1953 0.4 0.76 1.28 1.93 2.81 3.72 5.06 6.34 7.4 8.67 10.238 11.409 11.926
1954 0.44 0.77 1.26 1.97 3.03 4.33 5.4 6.75 7.79 10.67 9.68 9.557 11.106
1955 0.32 0.57 1.13 1.73 2.75 3.94 4.9 7.04 7.2 8.78 10.077 11.023 12.105
1956 0.33 0.58 1.07 1.83 2.89 4.25 5.55 7.28 8 8.35 9.944 10.248 11.564
1957 0.33 0.59 1.02 1.82 2.89 4.28 5.49 7.51 8.24 9.25 10.605 10.825 12.075
1958 0.34 0.52 0.95 1.92 2.94 4.21 5.61 7.35 8.67 9.58 11.631 11 13.832
1959 0.35 0.72 1.47 2.68 3.59 4.32 5.45 6.44 7.17 8.63 11.621 11.95 13
1960 0.34 0.51 1.09 2.13 3.38 4.87 6.12 8.49 7.79 8.3 11.422 11.719 13.424
1961 0.31 0.55 1.05 2.2 3.23 5.11 6.15 8.15 8.68 9.6 11.952 13.181 13.422
1962 0.32 0.55 0.93 1.7 3.03 5.03 6.55 7.7 9.27 10.56 12.717 13.482 14.44
1963 0.32 0.61 0.96 1.73 3.04 4.96 6.44 7.91 9.62 11.31 12.737 13.193 14.287
1964 0.33 0.55 0.95 1.86 3.25 4.97 6.41 8.07 9.34 10.16 12.886 13.251 14
1965 0.38 0.68 1.03 1.49 2.41 3.52 5.73 7.54 8.47 11.17 13.722 13.465 14.118
1966 0.44 0.74 1.18 1.78 2.46 3.82 5.36 7.27 8.63 10.66 14.148 14 15
1967 0.29 0.81 1.35 2.04 2.81 3.48 4.89 7.11 9.03 10.59 13.829 14.146 16.756
1968 0.33 0.7 1.48 2.12 3.14 4.21 5.27 6.65 9.01 9.66 14.848 16.3 17
1969 0.44 0.79 1.23 2.03 2.9 3.81 5.02 6.43 8.33 10.71 14.211 15 17
1970 0.37 0.91 1.34 2 3 4.15 5.59 7.6 8.97 10.99 14.074 14.611 16
1971 0.45 0.88 1.38 2.16 3.07 4.22 5.81 7.13 8.62 10.83 12.945 14.25 15.973
1972 0.38 0.77 1.43 2.12 3.23 4.38 5.83 7.62 9.52 12.09 13.673 13.852 16
1973 0.38 0.91 1.54 2.26 3.29 4.61 6.57 8.37 10.54 11.62 13.904 14 15.841
1974 0.32 0.66 1.17 2.22 3.21 4.39 5.52 7.86 9.82 11.41 13.242 13.704 14.291
1975 0.41 0.64 1.11 1.9 2.95 4.37 5.74 8.77 9.92 11.81 13.107 14 14.293
1976 0.35 0.73 1.19 2.01 2.76 4.22 5.88 9.3 10.28 11.86 13.544 14.311 14.284
1977 0.49 0.9 1.43 2.05 3.3 4.56 6.46 8.63 9.93 10.9 13.668 14.255 14.906
1978 0.49 0.81 1.45 2.15 3.04 4.46 6.54 7.98 10.15 10.85 13.177 14 15
1979 0.35 0.7 1.24 2.14 3.15 4.29 6.58 8.61 9.22 10.89 14.344 14.5 15.315
1980 0.27 0.56 1.02 1.72 3.02 4.2 5.84 7.26 8.84 9.28 14.448 15 15.5
1981 0.49 0.98 1.44 2.09 2.98 4.85 6.57 9.16 10.82 10.77 13.932 15 16
1982 0.37 0.66 1.35 1.99 2.93 4.24 6.46 8.51 12.24 10.78 14.041 15 16
1983 0.37 0.92 1.6 2.44 3.82 4.76 6.17 7.7 9.25 12.621 14.544 16.466 18.388
1984 0.42 1.16 1.81 2.79 3.78 4.57 6.17 7.7 9.25 12.621 14.544 16.466 18.388
1985 0.413 0.875 1.603 2.81 4.059 5.833 7.685 10.117 14.29 12.621 14.544 16.466 18.388
1986 0.311 0.88 1.47 2.467 3.915 5.81 6.58 6.833 11.004 12.621 14.544 16.466 18.388
1987 0.211 0.498 1.254 2.047 3.431 5.137 6.523 9.3 13.15 12.621 14.544 16.466 18.388
1988 0.212 0.404 0.79 1.903 2.977 4.392 7.812 12.112 13.107 12.621 14.544 16.466 18.388
1989 0.299 0.52 0.868 1.477 2.686 4.628 7.048 9.98 9.25 12.621 14.544 16.466 18.388
1990 0.398 0.705 1.182 1.719 2.458 3.565 4.71 7.801 8.956 12.621 14.544 16.466 18.388
1991 0.518 1.136 1.743 2.428 3.214 4.538 6.88 10.719 9.445 12.621 14.544 16.466 18.388
1992 0.44 0.931 1.812 2.716 3.895 5.176 6.774 9.598 12.427 12.621 14.544 16.466 18.388
1993 0.344 1.172 1.82 2.823 4.031 5.497 6.765 8.571 10.847 12.621 14.544 16.466 18.388
1994 0.237 0.757 1.419 2.458 3.845 5.374 6.648 7.653 8.136 12.916 16.114 16.466 18.388
1995 0.197 0.487 1.141 2.118 3.504 4.915 6.949 9.051 9.775 11.409 15.248 18.62 18.388
1996 0.206 0.482 0.98 2.041 3.52 5.507 7.74 9.922 10.63 12.093 13.533 17.659 21.171
1997 0.211 0.537 1.11 1.876 3.381 5.258 8.546 10.653 10.776 13.232 14.313 15.745 20.122
1998 0.242 0.561 1.179 1.936 2.944 4.583 7.092 10.7 12.042 13.771 15.607 16.617 18.021
1999 0.209 0.514 1.183 2.007 3.037 4.479 6.512 10.028 11.117 14.698 16.215 18.057 18.981
2000 0.194 0.465 1.218 1.963 3.064 4.12 5.746 7.157 9.961 14.589 17.26 18.733 20.557
2001 0.284 0.513 1.21 2.25 3.299 5.066 6.373 9.29 11.456 13.317 17.138 19.887 21.294
2002 0.23 0.603 1.184 2.138 3.336 4.81 6.912 8.809 10.475 12.534 15.703 19.752 22.549
2003 0.233 0.551 1.317 2.022 3.239 4.984 6.727 8.422 14.226 12.524 14.815 18.164 22.403
2004 0.24 0.55 1.074 2.038 2.911 4.402 6.263 8.535 10.197 12.371 14.803 17.176 20.674
2005 0.225 0.61 1.083 1.87 3.002 3.971 5.789 8.127 12.759 12.611 14.63 17.163 19.594
2006 0.252 0.591 1.219 2.014 3.028 4.434 5.999 7.774 9.954 13.679 14.902 16.97 19.58
2007 0.249 0.663 1.329 2.127 3.183 4.59 6.477 8.88 12.124 12.261 16.111 17.274 19.368
2008 0.286 0.726 1.418 2.41 3.331 4.914 6.747 8.851 10.393 12.776 14.504 18.617 19.701
2009 0.274 0.652 1.353 2.312 3.803 5.103 6.75 9.252 10.119 12.323 15.09 16.83 21.168
2010 0.258 0.608 1.208 2.01 3.088 4.903 6.498 7.992 9.689 12.467 14.574 17.483 19.214
2011 0.225 0.6 1.097 1.926 2.861 4.403 6.531 8.648 9.885 12.508 14.738 16.909 19.929
2012 0.227 0.555 1.182 1.834 2.831 4.124 6.056 8.584 11.498 12.249 14.785 17.092 19.3
2013 0.247 0.577 1.134 1.998 2.841 4.015 5.523 8.077 10.304 13.207 14.491 17.144 19.501
2014 0.216 0.577 1.137 1.791 2.781 3.85 5.245 6.992 9.378 12.746 15.578 16.816 19.558
2015 0.229 0.54 1.134 1.934 2.753 4.081 5.315 7.135 8.947 11.778 15.056 18.025 19.198
2016 0.21 0.536 1.001 1.812 2.72 3.958 5.64 7.064 8.569 10.885 13.954 17.445 20.522
2017 0.255 0.675 1.107 1.896 2.826 4.158 5.7 7.628 9.071 10.634 12.934 16.216 19.888
2018 0.286 0.62 1.188 1.949 2.768 4.059 5.749 7.38 9.097 10.8 12.646 15.073 18.54
2019 0.24 0.603 1.085 1.82 3.025 4.296 5.891 7.293 9.667 11.186 12.837 14.749 17.28
2020 0.148 0.503 1.055 1.692 2.59 4.064 5.617 7.673 9.313 11.306 13.278 14.964 16.922
2021 0.17 0.437 0.954 1.718 2.669 3.804 5.822 7.396 9.334 11.187 13.415 15.459 17.159
2022 0.293 0.48 0.929 1.616 2.741 3.933 5.744 8.012 9.648 11.255 13.279 15.613 17.706
Table 3.9. Northeast Arctic COD. Stock weights at age (kg)

 

Norway              
               
  Percentage mature
  Age
Year 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
                 
1982 0 5 10 34 65 82 92 100
1983 5 8 10 30 73 88 97 100
                 
Russia                
  Percentage mature
  Age
Year 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
                 
1984 0 5 18 31 56 90 99 100
1985 0 1 10 33 59 85 92 100
1986 0 2 9 19 56 76 89 100
1987 0 1 9 23 27 61 81 80
1988 0 1 3 25 53 79 100 100
1989 0 0 2 15 39 59 83 100
1990 0 2 6 20 47 62 81 95
1991 0 3 1 23 66 82 96 100
1992 0 1 8 31 73 92 95 100
1993 0 3 7 21 56 89 95 99
1994 0 1 8 30 55 84 95 98
1995 0 0 4 23 61 75 94 97
1996 0 0 1 22 56 82 95 100
1997 0 0 1 10 48 73 90 100
1998 0 0 2 15 47 87 97 96
1999 0 0.2 1.3 9.9 38.4 74.9 94 100
2000 0 0 6 19.2 51.4 84 95.5 100
2001 0.1 0.1 3.9 27.9 62.3 89.4 96.3 100
2002 0.1 1.9 10.9 34.4 68.1 82.8 97.6 100
2003 0.2 0 11 29.2 65.9 89.6 95.1 100
2004 0 0.7 8 33.8 63.3 83.4 96.4 96.4
2005 0 0.6 4.6 24.2 61.5 84.9 95.3 98.1
2006 0 0 6.1 29.6 59.6 89.5 96.4 100
2007 0 0.4 5.7 20.8 60.4 83.5 96 100
2008 0 0.5 4 24.6 48.3 84.4 94.7 98.7
2009 0 0 6 28 66 85 97 100
2010 0 0.2 1.5 22.8 47 77.4 90.2 95.5
2011 0 0 2.2 20.7 50.4 73.7 90.6 95.6
2012 0.2 0 1.5 10.8 43.9 76.1 90.8 96.4
2013 0 0 0.6 10.6 41.8 70.6 89.8 96.9
2014 0 0 1.9 14.1 45.9 76 92 97.5
2015 0 0.2 0.2 7.9 27 60.8 83.4 93.7
2016 0 0 0.2 5.2 22.4 44.1 74.8 92.5
2017* 0 0 0.8 6.3 20.8 51.6 80.4 98.6
2018 0 0.5 2.5 23.6 53.9 79.4 92.5 96.0
2019** 0 0 4.5 11.9 56.4 91.8 95.1 100
2020** 0 0.4 1.7 15.8 43.8 71.2 74.9 84.9
2021** 0 0 2.7 16.1 44.1 72.2 87.1 88.1
2022** 0 0 0.8 11.6 59.7 72.6 80.4 96.2
*Not used in inputs (instead ratios presented in WD 10, 2017 used for further calculations) **Not used in inputs (instead ratios presented in WD 15, 2019 used for further calculations)
Table 3.10. Northeast Arctic COD. Basis for maturity ogives (percent) used in the assessment. Norwegian and Russian data.
Norway                
  Percentage mature
  Age
Year 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1985 0.31 1.36 8.94 38.33 51.27 85.13 100 79.2
1986 2.92 7 7.85 18.85 49.72 66.52 35.59 80.09
1987 0 0.07 4.49 12.42 16.28 31.23 19.32  
1988 0 2.35 6.16 40.54 53.63 45.36 100 100
1989 1.52 0.67 3.88 30.65 70.36 82.02 100 100
1990 1.52 0.67 4.18 22 57.45 80.95 100 100
1991 0.1 3.4 13.93 38.03 75.52 90.12 95.39 100
1992 0.22 1.85 21.04 52.83 86.95 96.52 99.83 100
1993 0 2.6 10.37 52.6 84.8 97.25 99.3 99.73
1994 0.51 0.33 15.78 36.92 62.84 88.44 97.56 100
1995 0 0.62 8.19 51.48 63.75 81.11 98.01 99.34
1996 0.03 0 2.82 29.56 70.22 82.06 100 100
1997 0 0 1.48 17.91 73.31 93.01 99.12 100
1998 0.12 0.68 3.17 15.42 47.31 75.73 94.3 100
1999 0.42 0.16 1.6 27.46 70.48 94.57 98.99 100
2000 0 0.11 8.15 30.23 77.3 81.95 100 100
2001 0.49 0.51 9.03 43.81 62.52 74.36 94.13 100
2002 0.27 0.73 5.94 43.22 68.4 85.31 92.52 100
2003 0.02 0.18 6.5 35.97 68.56 87.97 96.3 100
2004 0.24 1.36 10.23 54.56 81.84 90.94 98.76 98.91
2005 0 0.27 9 55.16 81.77 93.51 98.03 100
2006 0 0.22 5.92 44.25 69.85 89.89 96.65 100
2007 0.12 0.33 8.7 47.88 84.29 91.68 99.11 100
2008 0 0.27 9.27 34.13 61.39 88.04 91.17 100
2009 0 0 9 46 85 86 98 99
2010 0 0.36 7.5 41.75 67.7 90.1 95.29 98.55
2011 0 0.2 5.2 48 77.7 89.7 97.3 97.2
2012 0 0 7.7 32.2 67.5 81 90.9 96.3
2013 0 0.3 1 20.2 55.3 80 91.8 99.3
2014 0 0.4 2 13.3 56.7 85 93.8 98.7
2015 0 0 1.9 10.9 29.2 79.1 93.1 99.6
2016 0.07 0. 2 1.0 6.4 28.5 71.3 86. 1 98.6
2017 0 0.2 0.5 18 54.8 81.4 95.9 100
2018 0 0.1 3.0 16.2 38.3 61.0 93.7 98.9
2019 0 0. 4 4 .0 24 . 0 6 8. 6 93 . 2 9 6 .7 9 9 . 8
2020 0 0.44 3.18 13.68 42.51 80.06 91.18 94.03
2021 0.28 0.25 0.79 17.11 43.21 68.80 90.75 98.63
2022 1.55 0 1.19 9.54 44.22 70.17 77.19 98.50

Year_age 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 +gp
1946 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.11 0.18 0.44 0.65 0.86 0.96 0.96 1
1947 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.13 0.16 0.42 0.75 0.91 0.95 1 1
1948 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.13 0.25 0.47 0.73 0.91 0.97 1 1
1949 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.09 0.17 0.29 0.54 0.79 0.88 0.97 1 1
1950 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.09 0.23 0.35 0.52 0.79 0.95 0.97 1 1
1951 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.1 0.24 0.4 0.58 0.72 0.85 0.96 1 1
1952 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.08 0.22 0.41 0.63 0.82 0.92 0.97 1 1
1953 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.19 0.4 0.64 0.84 0.94 0.97 1 1
1954 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.08 0.16 0.37 0.68 0.87 0.93 0.96 1 1
1955 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.13 0.26 0.53 0.83 0.92 0.97 1 1
1956 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.12 0.14 0.41 0.67 0.91 0.96 1 1
1957 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.22 0.6 0.82 0.97 1 1
1958 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.82 0.97 1 1
1959 0 0 0.01 0.04 0.12 0.34 0.49 0.67 0.84 0.87 1 1 1
1960 0 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.1 0.19 0.45 0.69 0.77 0.85 0.99 1 1
1961 0 0 0.01 0.06 0.12 0.31 0.65 0.91 0.98 0.98 1 0.96 1
1962 0 0 0.01 0.05 0.15 0.34 0.61 0.81 0.92 0.97 1 0.932 1
1963 0 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.28 0.42 0.81 0.98 0.98 1 0.966 1
1964 0 0 0 0.03 0.13 0.37 0.66 0.89 0.95 0.99 1 1 1
1965 0 0 0 0.01 0.06 0.2 0.55 0.73 0.99 0.98 1 1 1
1966 0 0 0.01 0.02 0.06 0.22 0.35 0.74 0.94 0.94 1 1 1
1967 0 0 0 0.03 0.07 0.14 0.38 0.64 0.89 0.9 1 1 1
1968 0 0 0.03 0.05 0.09 0.19 0.39 0.58 0.82 1 1 1 1
1969 0 0 0 0.02 0.04 0.12 0.34 0.55 0.74 0.95 1 1 1
1970 0 0.01 0 0.01 0.07 0.23 0.58 0.81 0.89 0.91 1 1 1
1971 0 0 0.01 0.05 0.11 0.3 0.59 0.79 0.86 0.88 1 1 1
1972 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.1 0.34 0.64 0.81 0.94 1 1 1 1
1973 0 0 0 0.02 0.16 0.53 0.81 0.92 0.95 0.98 1 1 1
1974 0 0 0 0.01 0.03 0.21 0.5 0.96 1 0.96 1 1 1
1975 0 0 0.01 0.02 0.09 0.21 0.56 0.78 0.79 0.95 1 1 1
1976 0 0 0 0.05 0.12 0.29 0.45 0.84 0.83 1 0.9 1 1
1977 0 0 0.02 0.08 0.26 0.54 0.76 0.87 0.93 0.94 0.9 1 1
1978 0 0 0 0.02 0.13 0.44 0.71 0.77 0.81 0.89 0.8 1 1
1979 0 0 0 0.03 0.13 0.39 0.77 0.89 0.83 0.78 0.9 1 1
1980 0 0 0 0.02 0.13 0.35 0.65 0.82 1 0.9 0.9 1 1
1981 0 0 0.02 0.07 0.2 0.54 0.8 0.97 1 1 1 1 1
1982 0 0.05 0.1 0.34 0.65 0.82 0.92 1 1 1 1 1 1
1983 0.01 0.08 0.1 0.3 0.73 0.88 0.97 1 1 1 1 1 1
1984 0 0.05 0.18 0.31 0.56 0.9 0.99 1 1 1 1 1 1
1985 0 0.01 0.09 0.36 0.55 0.85 0.96 0.9 1 1 1 1 1
1986 0 0.05 0.08 0.19 0.53 0.71 0.62 0.9 1 1 1 1 1
1987 0 0.01 0.07 0.18 0.22 0.46 0.5 0.75 1 1 1 1 1
1988 0 0.02 0.05 0.33 0.53 0.62 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1989 0.008 0.003 0.029 0.228 0.547 0.705 0.915 1 1 1 1 1 1
1990 0.008 0.013 0.051 0.21 0.522 0.715 0.905 0.975 1 1 1 1 1
1991 0.001 0.032 0.075 0.305 0.708 0.861 0.957 1 1 1 1 1 1
1992 0.001 0.014 0.145 0.419 0.8 0.943 0.974 1 1 1 1 1 1
1993 0 0.028 0.087 0.368 0.704 0.931 0.972 0.994 1 1 1 1 1
1994 0 0.005 0.119 0.336 0.583 0.876 0.965 0.99 1 1 1 1 1
1995 0 0.005 0.06 0.373 0.614 0.748 0.955 0.98 1 1 1 1 1
1996 0 0 0.016 0.252 0.619 0.817 0.975 1 1 1 1 1 1
1997 0 0 0.014 0.14 0.597 0.842 0.95 0.967 1 1 1 1 1
1998 0 0.005 0.031 0.168 0.468 0.828 0.956 0.98 1 1 1 1 1
1999 0 0.001 0.014 0.17 0.506 0.841 0.961 1 1 1 1 1 1
2000 0 0 0.066 0.261 0.699 0.872 0.978 1 1 1 1 1 1
2001 0.001 0.006 0.069 0.378 0.646 0.851 0.955 1 1 1 1 1 1
2002 0.001 0.015 0.085 0.412 0.695 0.846 0.97 1 1 1 1 1 1
2003 0.001 0 0.089 0.331 0.662 0.882 0.96 1 1 1 1 1 1
2004 0 0.009 0.092 0.438 0.728 0.883 0.973 0.974 1 1 1 1 1
2005 0 0.003 0.066 0.366 0.72 0.897 0.971 0.991 1 1 1 1 1
2006 0 0.015 0.061 0.367 0.633 0.907 0.961 1 1 1 1 1 1
2007 0 0.007 0.076 0.37 0.719 0.884 0.977 1 1 1 1 1 1
2008 0.005 0.008 0.082 0.309 0.539 0.869 0.928 0.994 1 1 1 1 1
2009 0 0 0.081 0.362 0.745 0.859 0.978 0.997 0.994 1 1 1 1
2010 0.005 0.006 0.06 0.335 0.552 0.838 0.931 0.971 0.983 1 1 1 1
2011 0 0 0.04 0.339 0.644 0.798 0.932 0.963 0.991 1 1 1 1
2012 0.001 0 0.058 0.209 0.544 0.799 0.93 0.967 0.99 1 1 1 1
2013 0 0 0.01 0.156 0.482 0.763 0.913 0.982 0.985 1 1 1 1
2014 0 0 0.025 0.137 0.516 0.806 0.935 0.984 0.996 1 1 1 1
2015 0 0.001 0.004 0.074 0.282 0.681 0.891 0.963 0.984 1 1 1 1
2016 0 0 0.002 0.057 0.256 0.569 0.832 0.955 0.984 1 1 1 1
2017 0 0.018 0.003 0.148 0.463 0.749 0.931 0.99 1 1 1 1 1
2018 0 0.003 0.028 0.207 0.478 0.731 0.916 0.971 1 1 1 1 1
2019 0 0 0.01 0.126 0.466 0.842 0.942 0.968 0.996 1 1 1 1
2020 0 0 0.014 0.112 0.356 0.775 0.904 0.955 1 1 1 1 1
2021 0.002 0.002 0.006 0.14 0.386 0.657 0.893 0.974 0.959 1 1 1 1
2022 0.014 0 0.01 0.079 0.402 0.674 0.756 0.975 1 1 1 1 1
Table 3.11. Northeast Arctic cod. Proportion mature-at-age

 

Year/age 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
1984 0.000 444.762 22.413 0.215 0.000 0.000 0.000
1985 1640.656 355.672 71.640 0.197 0.000 0.000 0.000
1986 69.757 1124.070 344.039 87.494 0.000 0.000 0.000
1987 653.270 195.414 327.523 14.417 0.000 0.000 0.000
1988 32.270 486.636 26.545 1.794 0.000 0.000 0.000
1989 951.957 142.708 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
1990 0.000 109.640 23.395 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
1991 118.283 138.556 182.041 1.618 0.000 0.000 0.000
1992 3146.005 895.002 143.733 4.186 0.000 0.000 0.000
1993 3873.449 18295.167 481.048 46.764 1.310 0.421 0.000
1994 7995.878 7040.209 651.179 130.171 49.810 7.942 0.414
1995 8203.729 14920.465 760.378 211.699 67.237 3.747 0.224
1996 10262.163 21819.039 1477.810 136.650 52.797 18.510 1.073
1997 3085.037 17766.618 1906.346 165.963 15.744 1.222 0.221
1998 93.400 5763.644 582.473 205.453 23.546 1.464 0.469
1999 638.739 2123.471 305.400 50.915 4.206 0.004 0.000
2000 1922.963 2563.006 189.068 38.518 14.035 3.856 0.042
2001 94.754 2404.601 114.855 23.869 11.687 1.802 0.923
2002 7577.578 457.445 405.246 41.402 5.339 0.811 0.017
2003 5410.402 4128.090 107.755 24.181 0.000 0.000 0.000
2004 6508.732 2408.361 568.160 20.494 10.483 1.329 0.226
2005 2482.844 3044.786 133.839 80.494 4.571 5.544 0.515
2006 3337.557 2142.281 151.324 6.303 2.034 0.075 0.000
2007 2303.122 1155.510 190.498 75.021 3.467 0.129 0.000
2008 14440.722 705.310 86.363 97.361 32.164 4.257 0.000
2009 9638.868 7372.324 143.606 67.084 20.765 5.160 0.221
2010 4184.771 7169.263 302.549 54.174 28.158 17.068 2.263
2011 12568.831 4440.178 454.816 174.000 41.050 10.833 5.172
2012 21164.775 11987.450 1023.341 102.819 31.120 4.405 0.000
2013 26821.152 4829.477 1570.783 176.292 17.040 7.576 1.143
2014 36459.076 6138.927 739.187 196.524 53.594 5.211 0.064
2015 1561.202 10659.102 310.688 68.954 40.190 17.007 1.676
2016 12135.291 2572.774 508.646 12.104 18.929 27.716 6.542
2017 21969.340 1627.847 395.871 119.199 8.193 4.490 3.073
2018 7518.078 13952.051 284.751 36.890 2.311 0.280 0.000
2019 892.162 8908.822 873.433 57.069 6.070 0.019 0.000
2020 3533.239 3025.881 360.127 158.725 47.745 11.827 0.613
2021 25896.500 1928.189 258.702 79.301 28.025 16.039 1.928
Table 3.12. The Northeast Arctic cod stock's consumption of cod in million individuals

Table 3.13. Northeast Arctic COD. Tuning data

tabell

tabell

tabell


Table 3.14. Parameters settings used in SAM run

# Where a matrix is specified rows corresponds to fleets and columns to ages.

# Same number indicates same parameter used

# Numbers (integers) starts from zero and must be consecutive

$minAge

# The minimium age class in the assessment

3

$maxAge

# The maximum age class in the assessment

15

$maxAgePlusGroup

# Is last age group considered a plus group (1 yes, or 0 no).

1 1 1 1 1 1

$keyLogFsta

# Coupling of the fishing mortality states (nomally only first row is used).

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 11

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

$corFlag

# Correlation of fishing mortality across ages (0 independent, 1 compound symmetry, or 2 AR(1)

0

$keyLogFpar

# Coupling of the survey catchability parameters (nomally first row is not used, as that is covered by fishing mortality).

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8 -1 -1 -1

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 17 -1 -1 -1

18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 26 -1 -1 -1

27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 35 -1 -1 -1

36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 44 -1 -1 -1

$keyQpow

# Density dependent catchability power parameters (if any).

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

$keyQpow

# Density dependent catchability power parameters (if any).

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

$keyVarF

# Coupling of process variance parameters for log(F)-process (nomally only first row is used)

0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

$keyVarLogN

# Coupling of process variance parameters for log(N)-process

0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

$keyVarObs

# Coupling of the variance parameters for the observations.

0 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 4

5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 -1 -1 -1

5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 -1 -1 -1

8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 -1 -1 -1

10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 -1 -1 -1

12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 -1 -1 -1

$obsCorStruct

# Covariance structure for each fleet ("ID" independent, "AR" AR(1), or "US" for unstructured). | Possible values are: "ID" "AR" "US"

"ID" "AR" "AR" "AR" "AR" "AR"

$keyCorObs

# Coupling of correlation parameters can only be specified if the AR(1) structure is chosen above.

# NA's indicate where correlation parameters can be specified (-1 where they cannot).

#3-4 4-5 5-6 6-7 7-8 8-9 9-10 10-11 11-12 12-13 13-14 14-15

NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 -1 -1 -1

0 0 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 -1 -1 -1

4 4 4 5 6 6 6 7 8 -1 -1 -1

9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 -1 -1 -1

12 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 15 -1 -1 -1

$stockRecruitmentModelCode

# Stock recruitment code (0 for plain random walk, 1 for Ricker, and 2 for Beverton-Holt).

0

$noScaledYears

# Number of years where catch scaling is applied.

0

$keyScaledYears

# A vector of the years where catch scaling is applied.

$keyParScaledYA

# A matrix specifying the couplings of scale parameters (nrow = no scaled years, ncols = no ages).

$fbarRange

# lowest and higest age included in Fbar

5 10

$keyBiomassTreat

# To be defined only if a biomass survey is used (0 SSB index, 1 catch index, and 2 FSB index).

-1 -1 -1 -1 -1 -1

$obsLikelihoodFlag

# Option for observational likelihood | Possible values are: "LN" "ALN"

"LN" "LN" "LN" "LN" "LN" "LN"

$fixVarToWeight

# If weight attribute is supplied for observations this option sets the treatment (0 relative weight, 1 fix variance to weight).

0

 

Year_age 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 +gp FBAR5-10
1946 0.003 0.020 0.070 0.138 0.272 0.249 0.380 0.396 0.573 0.562 0.626 0.645 0.645 0.251
1947 0.002 0.021 0.090 0.188 0.387 0.294 0.450 0.446 0.692 0.635 0.689 0.780 0.780 0.309
1948 0.001 0.021 0.096 0.220 0.463 0.346 0.511 0.451 0.713 0.694 0.742 0.923 0.923 0.348
1949 0.002 0.030 0.138 0.301 0.472 0.367 0.460 0.477 0.771 0.751 0.789 1.029 1.029 0.369
1950 0.002 0.043 0.164 0.314 0.436 0.363 0.480 0.538 0.838 0.855 0.816 1.151 1.151 0.383
1951 0.009 0.079 0.232 0.344 0.446 0.392 0.496 0.567 0.781 0.866 0.841 1.200 1.200 0.413
1952 0.014 0.104 0.276 0.430 0.475 0.408 0.522 0.638 0.843 0.920 0.844 1.201 1.201 0.458
1953 0.020 0.112 0.251 0.360 0.403 0.374 0.474 0.613 0.813 0.823 0.798 1.021 1.021 0.412
1954 0.017 0.116 0.267 0.384 0.424 0.358 0.489 0.707 0.831 0.822 0.790 0.929 0.929 0.438
1955 0.015 0.108 0.295 0.493 0.496 0.508 0.565 0.750 0.895 0.866 0.791 0.862 0.862 0.518
1956 0.018 0.122 0.349 0.579 0.558 0.597 0.588 0.740 0.892 0.986 0.825 0.804 0.804 0.568
1957 0.021 0.137 0.292 0.529 0.547 0.587 0.536 0.675 0.880 0.914 0.823 0.718 0.718 0.528
1958 0.035 0.181 0.359 0.544 0.540 0.512 0.509 0.692 0.829 0.880 0.720 0.629 0.629 0.526
1959 0.035 0.203 0.425 0.525 0.527 0.528 0.552 0.721 0.787 0.801 0.707 0.643 0.643 0.546
1960 0.036 0.212 0.407 0.511 0.496 0.547 0.525 0.755 0.854 0.802 0.697 0.711 0.711 0.54
1961 0.038 0.225 0.490 0.577 0.547 0.644 0.696 0.849 0.897 0.863 0.742 0.749 0.749 0.634
1962 0.036 0.225 0.581 0.747 0.632 0.683 0.795 1.008 0.935 0.845 0.775 0.738 0.738 0.741
1963 0.024 0.194 0.581 0.795 0.754 0.771 0.892 1.080 1.079 0.851 0.802 0.735 0.735 0.812
1964 0.019 0.159 0.413 0.554 0.584 0.698 0.933 0.883 0.977 0.802 0.882 0.756 0.756 0.678
1965 0.023 0.144 0.365 0.460 0.473 0.590 0.786 0.799 0.805 0.670 0.892 0.759 0.759 0.579
1966 0.030 0.141 0.288 0.390 0.469 0.601 0.753 0.791 0.714 0.655 0.799 0.675 0.675 0.549
1967 0.029 0.155 0.266 0.331 0.465 0.639 0.828 0.811 0.770 0.665 0.793 0.609 0.609 0.557
1968 0.025 0.176 0.355 0.433 0.496 0.634 0.848 0.832 0.748 0.600 0.800 0.631 0.631 0.6
1969 0.026 0.183 0.403 0.481 0.628 0.810 1.005 0.922 0.834 0.631 0.757 0.620 0.620 0.708
1970 0.034 0.164 0.376 0.466 0.588 0.823 0.996 0.933 0.796 0.577 0.712 0.630 0.630 0.697
1971 0.030 0.155 0.307 0.356 0.505 0.808 0.981 0.920 0.802 0.605 0.690 0.616 0.616 0.646
1972 0.051 0.184 0.334 0.403 0.429 0.719 1.056 1.011 0.895 0.652 0.745 0.635 0.635 0.659
1973 0.132 0.226 0.386 0.440 0.460 0.699 0.920 0.861 0.845 0.674 0.756 0.620 0.620 0.628
1974 0.159 0.297 0.481 0.520 0.510 0.625 0.669 0.869 0.910 0.714 0.893 0.628 0.628 0.612
1975 0.115 0.276 0.506 0.621 0.640 0.730 0.724 0.729 0.937 0.778 0.954 0.596 0.596 0.658
1976 0.142 0.307 0.529 0.615 0.686 0.851 0.875 0.674 0.797 0.821 0.942 0.674 0.674 0.705
1977 0.128 0.335 0.631 0.677 0.707 0.900 1.126 0.857 0.895 0.809 1.053 0.810 0.810 0.816
1978 0.110 0.253 0.568 0.735 0.766 0.892 1.217 0.946 1.301 1.007 1.203 0.917 0.917 0.854
1979 0.056 0.202 0.410 0.622 0.711 0.804 1.094 0.991 1.293 1.095 1.127 1.011 1.011 0.772
1980 0.038 0.157 0.346 0.628 0.724 0.810 0.999 1.056 1.228 0.997 1.164 0.907 0.907 0.761
1981 0.032 0.141 0.284 0.583 0.784 0.970 1.158 0.974 1.070 0.937 1.046 0.835 0.835 0.792
1982 0.040 0.158 0.287 0.643 0.841 0.917 1.131 0.827 0.822 0.925 0.866 0.822 0.822 0.774
1983 0.028 0.164 0.301 0.550 0.904 1.078 1.067 0.846 0.713 0.726 0.802 0.866 0.866 0.791
1984 0.024 0.155 0.331 0.583 1.060 1.166 1.165 0.897 0.746 0.702 0.670 0.892 0.892 0.867
1985 0.037 0.160 0.389 0.667 0.945 1.147 0.933 0.780 0.758 0.655 0.593 0.950 0.950 0.81
1986 0.031 0.170 0.454 0.764 0.909 1.140 0.930 1.040 0.887 0.851 0.586 1.074 1.074 0.873
1987 0.038 0.153 0.467 0.823 1.011 1.112 0.895 1.245 0.975 1.001 0.635 1.259 1.259 0.926
1988 0.034 0.126 0.334 0.637 0.931 1.014 1.023 1.346 0.956 0.914 0.730 1.213 1.213 0.881
1989 0.030 0.106 0.252 0.459 0.641 0.828 0.816 0.997 0.752 0.708 0.697 1.432 1.432 0.665
1990 0.020 0.092 0.179 0.310 0.418 0.499 0.549 0.590 0.650 0.610 0.624 1.309 1.309 0.424
1991 0.020 0.101 0.213 0.345 0.435 0.471 0.504 0.481 0.494 0.592 0.569 1.261 1.261 0.408
1992 0.024 0.114 0.280 0.429 0.528 0.554 0.563 0.556 0.515 0.698 0.538 1.250 1.250 0.485
1993 0.014 0.110 0.315 0.522 0.617 0.657 0.691 0.707 0.686 0.823 0.676 1.223 1.223 0.585
1994 0.012 0.109 0.322 0.596 0.920 0.913 0.869 0.846 0.908 0.930 0.777 1.207 1.207 0.744
1995 0.014 0.116 0.323 0.606 0.930 0.894 0.947 0.918 1.006 0.959 0.857 1.118 1.118 0.77
1996 0.021 0.133 0.352 0.619 0.885 0.937 0.854 1.094 0.959 0.958 0.927 1.025 1.025 0.79
1997 0.022 0.168 0.444 0.683 0.897 1.199 1.125 1.260 1.027 1.015 0.923 0.931 0.931 0.935
1998 0.026 0.180 0.471 0.710 0.855 1.159 1.133 1.306 1.049 0.892 0.827 0.779 0.779 0.939
1999 0.015 0.148 0.460 0.680 0.869 1.099 1.218 1.289 0.950 0.875 0.685 0.686 0.686 0.936
2000 0.009 0.113 0.363 0.586 0.831 1.016 1.103 1.176 0.840 0.890 0.544 0.665 0.665 0.846
2001 0.009 0.095 0.293 0.531 0.754 0.922 0.884 1.038 0.725 0.757 0.432 0.694 0.694 0.737
2002 0.008 0.090 0.276 0.520 0.772 0.881 0.831 0.780 0.615 0.714 0.378 0.651 0.651 0.677
2003 0.010 0.088 0.284 0.474 0.726 0.807 0.768 0.727 0.556 0.614 0.348 0.615 0.615 0.631
2004 0.010 0.090 0.292 0.499 0.762 0.850 0.885 0.921 0.615 0.649 0.327 0.509 0.509 0.702
2005 0.011 0.102 0.317 0.515 0.733 0.858 0.937 0.862 0.646 0.710 0.325 0.454 0.454 0.704
2006 0.016 0.102 0.280 0.440 0.613 0.730 0.787 0.763 0.648 0.731 0.347 0.528 0.528 0.602
2007 0.017 0.091 0.240 0.347 0.446 0.536 0.550 0.516 0.619 0.708 0.353 0.446 0.446 0.439
2008 0.011 0.069 0.162 0.275 0.367 0.442 0.475 0.427 0.568 0.661 0.363 0.360 0.360 0.358
2009 0.010 0.058 0.132 0.220 0.315 0.351 0.450 0.360 0.516 0.709 0.397 0.303 0.303 0.305
2010 0.009 0.049 0.106 0.177 0.278 0.373 0.387 0.409 0.579 0.580 0.449 0.275 0.275 0.289
2011 0.006 0.048 0.105 0.160 0.253 0.348 0.438 0.519 0.543 0.486 0.435 0.223 0.223 0.304
2012 0.006 0.046 0.118 0.160 0.239 0.322 0.411 0.470 0.526 0.447 0.407 0.213 0.213 0.287
2013 0.007 0.048 0.122 0.189 0.267 0.358 0.436 0.501 0.539 0.451 0.386 0.232 0.232 0.312
2014 0.008 0.053 0.141 0.227 0.311 0.387 0.411 0.499 0.578 0.489 0.391 0.244 0.244 0.329
2015 0.010 0.055 0.148 0.267 0.321 0.389 0.357 0.487 0.719 0.554 0.408 0.257 0.257 0.328
2016 0.009 0.052 0.147 0.255 0.337 0.411 0.397 0.533 0.803 0.609 0.440 0.275 0.275 0.347
2017 0.010 0.056 0.150 0.268 0.350 0.467 0.462 0.567 0.862 0.675 0.473 0.282 0.282 0.377
2018 0.011 0.058 0.156 0.263 0.359 0.446 0.502 0.616 0.828 0.725 0.498 0.273 0.273 0.39
2019 0.009 0.060 0.155 0.251 0.365 0.478 0.495 0.648 0.773 0.716 0.483 0.248 0.248 0.399
2020 0.009 0.059 0.165 0.276 0.394 0.498 0.561 0.677 0.760 0.713 0.489 0.227 0.227 0.428
2021 0.009 0.058 0.190 0.335 0.458 0.531 0.665 0.710 0.665 0.730 0.506 0.225 0.225 0.481
mean(2019-2021) 0.009 0.059 0.170 0.287 0.405 0.502 0.574 0.678 0.733 0.720 0.493 0.233    
Table 3.15. Northeast Arctic cod. Fishing mortality
Year_age 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 +gp TOTAL
1946 1138875 674081 370253 171071 77923 84274 227182 80736 36040 30588 18820 8099 2000 2919941
1947 583558 680325 497592 297864 133321 53420 56274 132766 45831 17380 14684 8425 4527 2525967
1948 441494 334537 463090 345955 206880 75300 34934 29910 69650 18411 7667 6095 4982 2038904
1949 624817 287962 262924 354790 229043 104064 42924 16918 15966 28256 7438 3005 3613 1981720
1950 1024284 394353 228830 186924 208751 114784 57080 22791 8661 6119 11091 2737 1942 2268347
1951 2440524 781190 310474 177015 114631 111085 65962 28218 10898 2983 2092 4039 1193 4050304
1952 2338131 1141327 462833 189831 115697 61717 61087 33229 13122 4214 1024 728 1278 4424220
1953 2420273 1119433 641186 245573 90830 59973 33132 28534 13937 4524 1346 356 476 4659572
1954 830203 1390947 711109 388377 137888 48822 34597 17286 12923 5054 1647 496 244 3579593
1955 383411 549468 924667 435537 224018 75037 30516 18096 6931 4700 1836 617 240 2655074
1956 747357 246123 395235 552161 212319 112876 35660 14592 7025 2276 1660 691 298 2328273
1957 1431849 405217 151010 208946 238722 95012 49161 15404 5681 2356 663 596 362 2604980
1958 935015 718102 249309 95731 100349 109399 40988 23289 6425 1909 779 227 381 2281903
1959 1313367 488473 429348 141060 47105 47622 54789 20175 9519 2299 638 319 268 2554982
1960 1480277 626162 253703 208036 69352 23042 22952 25329 8039 3646 863 256 262 2721918
1961 1552082 708191 348243 134365 102561 36277 11320 12019 9805 2784 1376 361 209 2919593
1962 1252752 814278 391966 168873 64364 49223 15627 4557 4402 3277 940 542 221 2771023
1963 902995 703924 457020 166096 62880 28846 20762 5758 1328 1469 1160 350 301 2352889
1964 469311 410065 369897 179554 54927 21651 10574 6930 1520 350 515 433 257 1525983
1965 873429 248981 258596 200116 83090 23791 8209 3222 2390 451 122 172 266 1702835
1966 1844528 563298 165848 144515 106254 44069 10951 3047 1179 896 192 39 163 2884978
1967 1313542 1272090 394780 105642 80359 55306 20425 4376 1137 492 389 73 81 3248692
1968 183211 1017152 891189 279158 72101 42178 23728 7296 1617 422 206 146 70 2518475
1969 110531 138123 705341 495907 154507 41024 19604 8552 2640 651 194 74 95 1677244
1970 206006 85838 88150 370015 238493 64476 15111 5825 2766 915 280 75 75 1078028
1971 403526 145144 57803 45378 174631 103392 22564 4584 1860 1030 428 113 66 960519
1972 1047601 312098 104886 37239 27220 81787 36152 6971 1530 696 466 182 80 1656907
1973 1724173 750354 211954 63718 21193 15847 32371 9746 1981 500 297 180 115 2832429
1974 566400 1214266 515633 122915 35325 11310 6618 10166 3411 701 207 118 131 2487201
1975 608427 366220 673009 258385 61542 18442 5360 3071 3306 1119 283 68 110 1999342
1976 605952 445112 227118 312536 108504 26032 7494 2266 1302 1000 417 88 83 1737904
1977 372123 418084 273454 112868 137242 43313 8837 2623 1047 526 346 136 73 1370672
1978 624267 247635 219350 112571 47592 55805 14040 2251 895 385 210 98 77 1325175
1979 202902 448677 155381 91009 40852 17651 18414 3270 697 186 116 51 57 979264
1980 130635 155356 302011 87204 39255 16107 6539 5038 982 154 48 31 31 743392
1981 144064 102751 112715 174459 38044 15653 6028 2072 1395 231 47 12 20 597492
1982 183023 126006 83624 63543 81754 15265 4647 1519 643 379 74 13 11 560502
1983 141058 137105 92372 51865 28760 28245 4914 1238 568 230 118 26 9 486509
1984 442631 115250 83610 54129 24596 10622 7710 1355 440 242 95 42 12 740735
1985 532740 387974 82267 44912 24259 6360 2798 1916 439 166 101 41 18 1083990
1986 1374811 406174 244982 46445 19117 7413 1597 1007 753 177 74 47 19 2102615
1987 359158 1008264 256617 109598 16431 6818 1788 572 288 255 62 35 19 1759905
1988 335224 239845 594077 118852 32968 5011 1735 625 134 90 73 27 12 1328672
1989 158192 229165 148067 304366 55075 9916 1483 487 126 40 29 27 10 906983
1990 131207 128891 129652 95524 141230 22928 2918 536 138 48 16 11 7 653107
1991 297393 126695 97871 86051 61714 81767 11481 1381 249 55 22 7 4 764688
1992 716809 272016 101011 69155 48733 33921 46453 6094 809 133 25 10 3 1295172
1993 990119 504157 241432 72816 36846 23561 15535 24035 3061 437 58 13 3 1912071
1994 752658 734832 400366 147087 39093 15947 10672 6403 9877 1336 162 24 4 2118459
1995 539812 493577 525544 232089 63132 12508 5327 3446 2230 3255 428 61 7 1881416
1996 405894 304709 337363 283121 104043 19861 4303 1589 1123 624 1029 148 18 1463825
1997 783453 210101 205596 183110 120012 37458 6314 1652 441 339 195 335 49 1549057
1998 1059540 477806 127297 98038 70990 41641 9521 1630 360 132 95 62 121 1887233
1999 630159 604406 264735 62506 32948 26060 11642 2527 347 99 46 33 69 1635579
2000 749764 410834 377249 122599 24473 11241 7424 2656 587 110 33 19 42 1707031
2001 593562 535126 291773 185130 52027 9006 3415 1939 671 202 35 16 26 1672928
2002 375075 431865 368919 186553 82287 20388 3117 1189 572 253 79 19 17 1470332
2003 759779 288708 288362 235921 84519 30369 6787 1147 449 268 99 46 15 1696468
2004 243027 577509 215419 182849 116496 33995 10997 2654 492 230 130 56 27 1383882
2005 697364 186451 407267 136600 94486 39298 11278 4002 854 216 101 82 41 1578040
2006 539345 470095 141844 232607 68968 34190 13769 3414 1374 382 86 63 72 1506209
2007 1259517 439814 305605 89468 120749 30555 12807 4650 1222 587 154 49 67 2265243
2008 1017985 976289 337459 169025 53247 63615 15827 5829 2023 562 231 89 60 2642242
2009 590038 795485 745082 250581 90127 34070 29401 8128 3178 984 244 129 86 2547533
2010 204469 459238 654988 553101 170159 55001 19389 15158 4830 1699 380 138 131 2138680
2011 362283 183687 382331 539606 392561 87459 32100 10950 8494 2154 819 186 166 2002795
2012 509539 278784 148118 318532 409532 223437 45996 16640 5549 4081 1091 445 228 1961972
2013 472255 373104 228605 130017 244523 268796 139194 24118 9004 2645 2147 595 463 1895465
2014 860386 362190 300542 184030 103257 172721 150851 68053 11898 4168 1358 1195 695 2221343
2015 457348 579081 304387 216038 134295 69381 100654 78138 32311 5632 2050 746 1214 1981275
2016 289567 320014 424662 218679 138182 78203 45580 55989 36842 12667 2647 1107 1235 1625374
2017 788999 244082 231861 292021 149931 80467 42529 25522 24811 13794 5622 1394 1425 1902457
2018 510445 552851 192821 163927 191443 89215 41563 22753 11788 8282 5617 2810 1673 1795188
2019 666503 381061 401157 154720 95668 112423 49075 20655 9896 4265 3148 2686 2608 1903864
2020 568171 447081 288610 261056 106551 57499 59802 24839 9196 3707 1728 1571 3143 1832953
2021 406025 368619 329704 200343 155439 57711 29745 28086 11291 3488 1496 881 2950 1595778
2022   274930 264131 197664 122520 81092 26996 12661 11264 4775 1378 739 2511 1189669
Table 3.16. Northeast Arctic COD Stock number-at-age (Thous)

 


Year_age 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 +gp
1946 0.49 0.304 0.226 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1947 0.544 0.325 0.231 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1948 0.493 0.305 0.226 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1949 0.434 0.282 0.221 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1950 0.316 0.236 0.21 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1951 0.724 0.394 0.247 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1952 0.715 0.391 0.246 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1953 0.537 0.322 0.23 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1954 0.388 0.264 0.217 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1955 0.406 0.271 0.218 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1956 0.59 0.342 0.235 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1957 0.725 0.395 0.247 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1958 0.562 0.332 0.232 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1959 0.713 0.39 0.246 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1960 0.704 0.387 0.245 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1961 0.609 0.35 0.237 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1962 0.52 0.315 0.229 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1963 0.788 0.419 0.253 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1964 0.603 0.348 0.236 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1965 0.416 0.275 0.219 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1966 0.353 0.25 0.214 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1967 0.271 0.219 0.206 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1968 0.224 0.201 0.202 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1969 0.206 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1970 0.293 0.227 0.208 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1971 0.256 0.213 0.205 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1972 0.323 0.239 0.211 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1973 0.217 0.2 0.201 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1974 0.217 0.2 0.201 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1975 0.232 0.204 0.203 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1976 0.224 0.2 0.202 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1977 0.249 0.21 0.204 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1978 0.234 0.204 0.203 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1979 0.208 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1980 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1981 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1982 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1983 0.203 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1984 0.201 0.2 0.219 0.21 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1985 0.205 0.224 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1986 0.27 0.216 0.254 0.232 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1987 0.256 0.237 0.22 0.273 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1988 0.223 0.211 0.243 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1989 0.2 0.23 0.2 0.233 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1990 0.2 0.2 0.206 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1991 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.207 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1992 0.207 0.2 0.2 0.202 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1993 0.241 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1994 0.348 0.261 0.215 0.22 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1995 0.531 0.315 0.228 0.203 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1996 0.524 0.327 0.244 0.218 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1997 0.421 0.269 0.242 0.227 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1998 0.429 0.274 0.22 0.269 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
1999 0.264 0.234 0.238 0.224 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2000 0.248 0.212 0.244 0.226 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2001 0.236 0.22 0.2 0.231 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2002 0.278 0.212 0.2 0.224 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2003 0.239 0.2 0.2 0.212 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2004 0.25 0.215 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2005 0.298 0.212 0.215 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2006 0.203 0.228 0.2 0.207 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2007 0.247 0.2 0.247 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2008 0.258 0.213 0.2 0.233 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2009 0.274 0.209 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2010 0.296 0.235 0.207 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2011 0.423 0.313 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2012 0.38 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2013 0.393 0.235 0.205 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2014 0.37 0.294 0.212 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2015 0.356 0.262 0.235 0.204 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2016 0.216 0.256 0.265 0.216 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2017 0.395 0.218 0.214 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2018 0.272 0.212 0.2 0.216 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2019 0.306 0.217 0.213 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2020 0.431 0.236 0.2 0.21 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
2021 0.402 0.272 0.256 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Table 3.17. Northeast Arctic COD. Natural mortality used in final run

 

Year RECRUITS TOTALBIO TOTSPBIO LANDINGS YIELD/SSB FBAR 5-10
1946 1138875 3931401 952394 706000 0.7413 0.251
1947 583558 3385179 903494 882017 0.9762 0.309
1948 441494 3351125 785218 774295 0.9861 0.348
1949 624817 2890579 595220 800122 1.3442 0.369
1950 1024284 2790520 536083 731982 1.3654 0.383
1951 2440524 3704792 494974 827180 1.6712 0.413
1952 2338131 4130639 488811 876795 1.7937 0.458
1953 2420273 4106311 412127 695546 1.6877 0.412
1954 830203 4208114 408122 826021 2.024 0.438
1955 383411 3542239 328050 1147841 3.499 0.518
1956 747357 3322443 281511 1343068 4.7709 0.568
1957 1431849 2814500 212384 792557 3.7317 0.528
1958 935015 2359498 205396 769313 3.7455 0.526
1959 1313367 2726727 434343 744607 1.7143 0.546
1960 1480277 2353678 384643 622042 1.6172 0.54
1961 1552082 2351974 386423 783221 2.0269 0.634
1962 1252752 2178272 315358 909266 2.8833 0.741
1963 902995 2010999 216125 776337 3.5921 0.812
1964 469311 1509320 200521 437695 2.1828 0.678
1965 873429 1454087 108075 444930 4.1169 0.579
1966 1844528 2217369 120996 483711 3.9978 0.549
1967 1313542 2732291 128675 572605 4.45 0.557
1968 183211 3286062 222846 1074084 4.8198 0.6
1969 110531 2824248 148914 1197226 8.0397 0.708
1970 206006 2165403 242143 933246 3.8541 0.697
1971 403526 1658704 330542 689048 2.0846 0.646
1972 1047601 1610511 353348 565254 1.5997 0.659
1973 1724173 2280602 334063 792685 2.3729 0.628
1974 566400 2186032 158939 1102433 6.9362 0.612
1975 608427 2093891 133486 829377 6.2132 0.658
1976 605952 1943280 167229 867463 5.1873 0.705
1977 372123 1935049 336160 905301 2.6931 0.816
1978 624267 1588450 227984 698715 3.0648 0.854
1979 202902 1137982 180487 440538 2.4408 0.772
1980 130635 853030 108443 380434 3.5081 0.761
1981 144064 964831 161275 399038 2.4743 0.792
1982 183023 750810 321134 363730 1.1326 0.774
1983 141058 747305 311281 289992 0.9316 0.791
1984 442631 830891 243444 277651 1.1405 0.867
1985 532740 1004865 195314 307920 1.5765 0.81
1986 1374811 1407704 164104 430113 2.621 0.873
1987 359158 1241250 115090 523071 4.5449 0.926
1988 335224 1009357 191447 434939 2.2718 0.881
1989 158192 956390 237375 332481 1.4007 0.665
1990 131207 909733 302447 212000 0.7009 0.424
1991 297393 1344239 635130 319158 0.5025 0.408
1992 716809 1690371 803817 513234 0.6385 0.485
1993 990119 2205391 702294 581611 0.8282 0.585
1994 752658 2120954 572233 771086 1.3475 0.744
1995 539812 1855549 534987 739999 1.3832 0.77
1996 405894 1700023 551598 732228 1.3275 0.79
1997 783453 1542431 545940 762403 1.3965 0.935
1998 1059540 1359999 386207 592624 1.5345 0.939
1999 630159 1206925 281001 484910 1.7257 0.936
2000 749764 1228857 255917 414868 1.6211 0.846
2001 593562 1481581 383996 426471 1.1106 0.737
2002 375075 1598087 521728 535045 1.0255 0.677
2003 759779 1685729 572476 551990 0.9642 0.631
2004 243027 1571565 666767 606445 0.9095 0.702
2005 697364 1521981 580090 641276 1.1055 0.704
2006 539345 1547352 584912 537642 0.9192 0.602
2007 1259517 1877119 652597 486883 0.7461 0.439
2008 1017985 2568546 724270 464171 0.6409 0.358
2009 590038 3109989 1016900 523430 0.5147 0.305
2010 204469 3355623 1250449 609983 0.4878 0.289
2011 362283 3592388 1814926 719830 0.3966 0.304
2012 509539 3673800 2037769 727663 0.3571 0.287
2013 472255 3766466 2271239 966209 0.4254 0.312
2014 860386 3504846 2164925 986449 0.4557 0.329
2015 457348 3348812 1761651 864384 0.4907 0.328
2016 289567 2926799 1417485 849422 0.5992 0.347
2017 788999 2867063 1446266 868276 0.6004 0.377
2018 510445 2677304 1314594 778627 0.5923 0.39
2019 666503 2587148 1267579 692609 0.5464 0.399
2020 568171 2318488 1045938 692903 0.6625 0.428
2021 406025 2132863 936281 767284 0.8195 0.481
Arith. Mean 737200 2229299 576163 673724 2.0158 0.591
Table 3.18. Northeast Arctic COD. Summary table
Year Age N M Mat PF PM SWT Sel CWT
2022 3 476000 0.380 0.014 0 0 0.293 0.010 0.499
4 274930 0.242 0.000 0 0 0.48 0.058 0.869
5 264131 0.223 0.010 0 0 0.929 0.163 1.381
6 197664 0.203 0.079 0 0 1.616 0.279 2.141
7 122520 0.2 0.402 0 0 2.741 0.385 3.033
8 81092 0.2 0.674 0 0 3.933 0.484 4.219
9 26996 0.2 0.756 0 0 5.744 0.537 5.850
10 12661 0.2 0.975 0 0 8.012 0.644 7.317
11 11264 0.2 1 0 0 9.648 0.778 8.453
12 4775 0.2 1 0 0 11.361 0.712 10.303
13 1378 0.2 1 0 0 13.279 0.490 11.400
14 739 0.2 1 0 0 15.613 0.251 12.838
15 2511 0.2 1 0 0 17.706 0.251 14.058
2023 3 566000 0.380 0.005 0 0 0.227 0.010 0.597
4   0.242 0.001 0 0 0.580 0.058 0.841
5   0.223 0.010 0 0 0.945 0.163 1.354
6   0.203 0.110 0 0 1.573 0.279 2.035
7   0.2 0.381 0 0 2.539 0.385 3.014
8   0.2 0.702 0 0 3.913 0.484 4.269
9   0.2 0.851 0 0 5.606 0.537 5.704
10   0.2 0.968 0 0 7.661 0.644 7.119
11   0.2 0.986 0 0 9.990 0.778 8.422
12   0.2 1 0 0 11.495 0.712 9.959
13   0.2 1 0 0 13.459 0.490 11.712
14   0.2 1 0 0 15.448 0.251 12.814
15   0.2 1 0 0 17.818 0.251 14.251
2024 3 383000 0.380 0.005 0 0 0.214 0.010 0.597
4   0.242 0.001 0 0 0.515 0.058 0.841
5   0.223 0.010 0 0 1.045 0.163 1.354
6   0.203 0.110 0 0 1.589 0.279 2.035
7   0.2 0.381 0 0 2.496 0.385 3.014
8   0.2 0.702 0 0 3.712 0.484 4.269
9   0.2 0.851 0 0 5.586 0.537 5.704
10   0.2 0.968 0 0 7.523 0.644 7.119
11   0.2 0.986 0 0 9.639 0.778 8.422
12   0.2 1 0 0 11.836 0.712 9.959
13   0.2 1 0 0 13.592 0.490 11.712
14   0.2 1 0 0 15.627 0.251 12.814
15   0.2 1 0 0 17.653 0.251 14.251

Table 3.19a. Northeast Arctic COD. Input for the short term prediction
Year Cod3 OxSatt39 DOxSatt13 ITwt43 Icet15 expIcet40
1962 1252752 -0.19 -6.6 1.86 0.5 0
1963 902995 -0.94 -2.37 1.59 1.5 0
1964 469311 1.63 1.23 2.47 9 0
1965 873429 0.88 -0.2 3.91 15.7 0
1966 1844528 -1.09 -3.98 7.97 5.3 0
1967 1313542 -0.23 -2.84 8.23 5 9.3
1968 183211 1.5 -0.13 3.78 15.5 0
1969 110531 0.85 0.63 1.77 15.9 0
1970 206006 -0.17 -0.23 3.51 19.8 7.9
1971 403526 0.06 -0.12 -0.13 18.8 2.7
1972 1047601 -3.32 -6.59 14.55 -0.6 428.9
1973 1724173 -2.1 -10.37 19.14 1.8 768.6
1974 566400 1.06 -1.73 2.4 2 0
1975 608427 1.9 0.78 -2.64 -1.2 0
1976 605952 1.33 -1.28 -3.07 -1.9 0
1977 372123 -0.07 -1.84 -2.44 2.5 0
1978 624267 1.19 0.1 1.05 -1 0
1979 202902 0.5 -1.48 -0.12 3.5 0
1980 130635 -0.31 -2.72 1.98 12.9 0
1981 144064 0.76 -0.18 1.94 14.7 0
1982 183023 0.8 0.61 -3.15 8 0.1
1983 141058 0.78 0.22 1.87 12.2 8.5
1984 442631 -2.21 -2.35 -3.08 12.9 0
1985 532740 -0.1 -1.17 3.59 -1.2 0.1
1986 1374811 -2.14 -4.39 1.39 -8.5 2.9
1987 359158 -0.33 -1.69 2.12 0.6 0
1988 335224 0.87 -1.4 -2.34 3.8 0
1989 158192 0.32 -3.42 -5.17 10.5 0
1990 131207 1.11 -1.32 -4.21 10.5 0
1991 297393 0.88 0.7 2.42 6.5 0
1992 716809 1.34 0.48 1.37 -0.9 0
1993 990119 -1.98 -3.86 6.12 -0.6 0
1994 752658 -0.5 -2.26 8.25 -4.9 0
1995 539812 0.83 -2.42 4.36 1.8 0
1996 405894 0.86 -0.08 0.55 0.7 0
1997 783453 0.88 0.17 3.11 -7.3 0
1998 1059540 0.3 -6.08 -2.32 -2.5 0
1999 630159 -0.72 -2.4 -6.81 2.9 0
2000 749764 1.86 1.55 -2.29 13.6 0
2001 593562 0.62 0.05 -6.04 2.3 0
2002 375075 -0.88 -0.98 3.63 -9.9 0.8
2003 759779 -0.39 -0.64 8.5 -5.8 0
2004 243027 -2.2 -2.53 -4.62 -1.4 0
2005 697364 -1.65 -1.82 -1.45 4.9 0
2006 539345 -1.18 -1.65 -4 -6 0
2007 1259517 -1.39 -4.42 7.42 -12.3 0
2008 1017985 -1.14 -1.59 3.39 -18 0
2009 590038 0.79 -1.83 -1.61 -17.5 0
2010 204469 -0.38 -2.6 -8.94 -9 0
2011 362283 0.83 -0.07 -5 -4.3 0
2012 509539 0.91 -0.13 -5.05 -4.3 0
2013 472255 0.04 -0.09 1.44 -10.5 0
2014 860386 -0.46 -1 1.43 -17.8 0
2015 457348 -1.26 -1.62 -2.22 -10.5 0
2016 289567 -1.31 -1.92 -7.52 -5.8 0
2017 788999 -0.33 -0.64 -1.69 -14.4 0
2018 510445 -1.24 -1.41 0.1 -20.9 0
2019 666503 -0.63 -1.08 -1.71 -13.2 0
2020 568171 -2.02 -2.19 -6.35 -13.6 0
2021 406025 -0.8 -1.08 -1.33 -9.2 0
2022 NA -1.55 -2.1 -2.47 -12.8 0
2023 NA -1.52 -2.85 -4.18 -8.5 0
2024 NA -0.31 NA -5.63 NA 0
2025 NA -0.35 NA -7.5 NA 0

Table 3.19b. Northeast Arctic COD. Input for the short term prediction
yearclass recruitment BST1 BST2 BST3 BSA1 BSA2 BSA3
1982 533 NA NA NA NA NA NA
1983 1375 NA NA NA NA NA NA
1984 359 NA NA NA NA NA NA
1985 335 NA NA NA NA NA NA
1986 158 NA NA NA NA NA NA
1987 131 NA NA NA NA NA NA
1988 297 NA NA NA NA NA NA
1989 717 NA NA NA NA NA NA
1990 990 NA NA NA NA NA NA
1991 753 NA NA 294 NA NA 324
1992 540 NA 557 283 NA 624 138
1993 406 1044 541 163 903 212 99
1994 783 5356 792 318 2175 272 159
1995 1060 5899 1423 355 1826 565 391
1996 630 5044 496 188 1699 475 148
1997 750 2491 350 246 2524 232 295
1998 594 473 242 183 365 263 177
1999 375 129 78 118 153 52 61
2000 760 713 419 377 364 209 307
2001 243 34 66 64 19 53 33
2002 697 3022 243 249 1505 117 125
2003 539 323 217 116 161 139 65
2004 1260 853 289 361 500 158 59
2005 1018 674 370 194 411 47 200
2006 590 595 102 126 85 94 108
2007 204 69 36 37 51 26 23
2008 362 389 95 85 205 44 40
2009 510 1028 226 76 620 91 83
2010 472 617 100 69 266 40 61
2011 860 703 143 227 497 89 287
2012 457 436 191 144 313 211 139
2013 290 1246 343 99 1759 211 56
2014 789 1642 306 179 1904 202 112
2015 510 312 129 139 241 73 109
2016 667 645 501 282 439 280 204
2017 568 2714 559 238 2058 362 117
2018 406 1791 274 112 1437 158 65
2019 NA 165 35 52 93 29 29
2020 NA 81 66 NA 46 43 NA
2021 NA 668 NA NA 525 NA NA
Table 3.19c. Northeast Arctic COD. Input for the short term prediction using RCT3
Model Variable Years 2022 2023 2024 2025
TitovEL Age 3 4 610 543 383 315
weight   0.318 0.512 1 1
TitovES Age 3 2 624 590    
weight   0.304 0.488    
RCT3 Age 3 3 244 337 505  
weight   0.378      
Hybrid Age 3 4 476 566 383 315
Table 3.19d. Overview of available prognoses of NEA cod recruitment (in million individuals of age 3) from different models.

 

2022        
Biomass (t) SSB (t) FMult FBar Landings (t)  
1984724 832958 1 0.481 640700  
           
2023       2024  
Biomass SSB FBar Landings Biomass SSB
1793327 751297 0.00 0 2283565 1134101
    0.05 72129 2200360 1072502
    0.10 140660 2121527 1014542
    0.15 205801 2046806 959991
    0.20 267747 1975955 908634
    0.25 326679 1908745 860271
    0.30 382768 1844965 814716
    0.35 436175 1784414 771794
    0.40 487049 1726907 731342
    0.45 535531 1672268 693208
    0.50 581755 1620333 657249
    0.55 625843 1570949 623332
    0.60 667913 1523970 591333
    0.65 708075 1479262 561135
    0.70 746432 1436698 532630
    0.75 783080 1396158 505715
    0.80 818111 1357530 480296
    0.85 851611 1320710 456282
    0.90 883661 1285597 433589
    0.95 914335 1252100 412141
           
Table 3.20. Northeast Arctic COD. Management option table.

 

Table 3.21. Northeast Arctic COD. Detailed prediction output assuming Fsq in 20 22 and HCR in 2023.
Age F CatchNos Yield StockNos Biomass SSNos(Jan) SSB(Jan)
Fbar age range: 5-10
Year: 2022
F multiplier: 1
Fbar: 0.4810
3 0.011 4382 2 476000 139 6664 2
4 0.067 15944 14 274930 132 0 0
5 0.189 40924 57 264131 245 2641 2
6 0.323 49604 106 197664 319 15615 25
7 0.446 40267 122 122520 336 49253 135
8 0.561 31836 134 81092 319 54656 215
9 0.622 11449 67 26996 155 20409 117
10 0.746 6105 45 12661 101 12344 99
11 0.901 6151 52 11264 109 11264 109
12 0.825 2463 25 4775 54 4775 54
13 0.567 546 6 1378 18 1378 18
14 0.291 170 2 739 12 739 12
15+ 0.291 577 8 2511 44 2511 44
Total NA 210418 (thous) 641(thou. tonnes) 1476661 (thous) 1985 (thou. tonnes) 182250 (thous) 833 (thou. tonnes)
Fbar age range: 5-10
Year: 2023
F multiplier: 1.01
Fbar: 0.4835
3 0.011 5237 3 566000 129 3019 1
4 0.068 18770 16 322026 187 215 0
5 0.190 31420 43 201831 191 2018 2
6 0.324 44095 90 174933 275 19301 30
7 0.449 38549 116 116806 297 44542 113
8 0.564 25305 108 64204 251 45072 176
9 0.625 16135 92 37899 212 32252 181
10 0.749 5742 41 11866 91 11486 88
11 0.905 2695 23 4919 49 4851 48
12 0.829 1940 19 3747 43 3747 43
13 0.570 682 8 1714 23 1714 23
14 0.292 148 2 640 10 640 10
15+ 0.292 459 7 1990 35 1990 35
Total NA

191177 (thous)

567 (thou. tonnes) 1508574 (thous) 1793 (thou. tonnes) 170846 (thous) 751 (thou. tonnes)

 

Year B(3+) SSB R(3) F(5-10)
1984 832475 257128 423540 0.794
1985 997042 201878 562013 0.640
1986 1371608 182219 1088448 0.787
1987 1217892 133125 288771 1.030
1988 989270 219074 216731 0.977
1989 919430 242343 174394 0.463
1990 988089 331327 228120 0.310
1991 1576090 725896 407282 0.226
1992 1954099 942530 706308 0.409
1993 2417354 833487 919721 0.619
1994 2202724 648104 714627 0.822
1995 1862607 561769 483248 0.763
1996 1769846 611779 389590 0.732
1997 1653878 660891 645301 1.064
1998 1310048 430437 795960 1.077
1999 1113365 290190 482785 0.922
2000 1092663 249331 566302 0.641
2001 1341324 375817 483100 0.515
2002 1477950 507382 421038 0.507
2003 1578393 545747 669974 0.506
2004 1521547 640634 273873 0.599
2005 1485862 579150 529460 0.603
2006 1510903 599171 529677 0.628
2007 1804575 636829 1260970 0.490
2008 2532511 690152 1237491 0.349
2009 3180322 983447 837192 0.334
2010 3450733 1173373 482215 0.367
2011 3636614 1657124 607215 0.321
2012 3752025 1901044 677845 0.290
2013 3879833 2114406 800478 0.299
2014 3609887 2017731 1012919 0.331
2015 3427586 1611365 497349 0.358
2016 3054495 1319476 359955 0.331
2017 3073171 1483256 732593 0.398
2018 2807889 1385292 510018 0.437
2019 2608769 1327529 530801 0.386
2020 2276282 1090178 368720 0.406
2021 2023565 971926 255602 0.530
2022 1577540 787739    
Table 3.22. Northeast Arctic COD. Assessments results by means of TISVPA
Year 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1984 423540 135475 77073 45251 24243 12654 9060 1440 660 412 198 36 24
1985 562013 339808 97750 45065 19561 6752 3332 2368 464 352 170 113 28
1986 1088448 439315 233334 56057 20761 6829 2177 1296 1094 229 248 106 44
1987 288771 807686 293966 115554 22666 7077 2096 737 406 382 75 162 55
1988 216731 213153 524049 145983 35973 6050 2108 737 157 137 113 40 14
1989 174394 165787 150616 284854 60443 9627 1628 615 173 35 48 55 79
1990 228120 138858 117403 95106 154533 25579 3449 655 267 100 17 36 14
1991 407282 185090 106944 83202 61237 97223 14463 2034 376 165 67 10 19
1992 706308 329545 142724 74206 51266 34497 58289 8483 1277 258 121 52 6
1993 919721 558121 241106 93966 40988 25889 16301 30789 4419 755 139 91 4
1994 714627 713450 416255 143703 48128 19010 11208 6726 13079 1835 295 65 14
1995 483248 498374 495670 246587 63316 13694 5954 3276 1937 4053 576 142 3
1996 389590 280514 327233 292254 116764 23190 4683 1944 989 538 1536 288 3
1997 645301 225111 179090 187075 142900 47128 8457 1837 644 335 203 633 3
1998 795960 412991 141348 84808 74507 47580 12041 1942 411 130 68 58 141
1999 482785 495248 244147 69239 31006 25706 11901 3363 465 124 34 23 86
2000 566302 363702 323873 113974 25926 10989 6834 2385 1012 155 53 4 53
2001 483100 436767 264068 172682 49870 9675 3623 1873 651 497 63 33 102
2002 421038 376872 318886 162943 81958 21007 3469 1516 631 254 306 44 29
2003 669974 316334 277940 196002 76114 31310 7627 1320 766 317 111 220 5
2004 273873 520975 240139 173789 99040 32288 12769 3538 615 469 172 72 36
2005 529460 211153 384639 152377 85195 38108 11351 4595 1334 242 260 106 31
2006 529677 387746 153767 217638 74087 32976 13406 4013 1570 562 106 183 630
2007 1260970 424821 269442 95745 106990 32504 12800 4518 1585 555 250 63 170
2008 1237491 964878 311010 158248 54529 54430 16087 6442 2227 797 211 163 81
2009 837192 948353 732626 216807 94049 31657 26730 8427 3583 1172 446 137 131
2010 482215 631431 733100 520182 135327 56469 18030 13975 4998 2098 259 298 213
2011 607215 356825 481574 537231 345907 76533 30143 10155 7387 1817 985 79 0
2012 677845 396238 252910 359807 368609 211181 42902 14792 4356 3426 986 487 167
2013 800478 461064 283877 190409 253330 235295 125950 23966 7629 2046 1851 566 922
2014 1012919 537603 351039 209639 134605 157336 128477 63054 11807 3740 1087 1150 860
2015 497349 695648 383153 248119 138557 82752 80923 64432 31047 6155 1975 638 1208
2016 359955 344880 506831 264221 155082 82398 46705 43675 30885 12144 2828 1208 1495
2017 732593 287981 255836 341890 171641 92871 46365 25315 19253 12614 5745 1606 1147
2018 510018 488492 218871 178786 215496 96968 48310 24005 11943 6318 5023 3102 1001
2019 530801 383163 367726 152573 110772 121786 51320 23778 11112 4205 2210 2308 1318
2020 368720 387242 287531 250662 96645 65067 63376 26380 11469 5250 1778 1212 1087
2021 255602 235570 285109 197022 152009 51599 34042 30961 11737 4464 2856 960 1449
2022   168893 162960 173593 107260 70946 21980 14530 13053 5159 2083 1725 580
Table 3.23. NEA cod TISVPA estimates of abundance at age (thousands)
Year 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 F(5-10)
1984 0.022 0.134 0.317 0.546 0.982 0.988 0.980 0.950 0.301 0.917 0.456 0.456 0.456 0.794
1985 0.021 0.122 0.307 0.451 0.621 0.911 0.769 0.782 0.697 0.232 0.376 0.376 0.376 0.640
1986 0.021 0.154 0.386 0.627 0.749 0.878 1.125 0.956 0.883 0.749 0.439 0.439 0.439 0.787
1987 0.026 0.154 0.508 0.838 1.138 1.104 1.087 1.503 1.102 0.964 0.517 0.517 0.517 1.030
1988 0.025 0.162 0.411 0.903 1.197 1.297 1.020 1.032 1.244 0.902 0.489 0.489 0.489 0.977
1989 0.014 0.089 0.238 0.360 0.578 0.594 0.540 0.466 0.436 0.478 0.252 0.252 0.252 0.463
1990 0.008 0.059 0.158 0.259 0.313 0.415 0.371 0.347 0.283 0.258 0.167 0.167 0.167 0.310
1991 0.007 0.038 0.111 0.186 0.247 0.254 0.292 0.268 0.235 0.188 0.123 0.123 0.123 0.226
1992 0.010 0.068 0.166 0.314 0.445 0.516 0.460 0.550 0.461 0.386 0.211 0.211 0.211 0.409
1993 0.014 0.086 0.258 0.404 0.662 0.822 0.827 0.740 0.832 0.654 0.309 0.309 0.309 0.619
1994 0.017 0.113 0.282 0.559 0.726 1.061 1.131 1.171 0.927 1.008 0.388 0.388 0.388 0.822
1995 0.016 0.106 0.300 0.476 0.785 0.844 1.037 1.136 1.055 0.810 0.383 0.383 0.383 0.763
1996 0.021 0.103 0.290 0.526 0.678 0.954 0.858 1.088 1.070 0.950 0.390 0.390 0.390 0.732
1997 0.027 0.175 0.371 0.703 1.126 1.229 1.560 1.394 1.688 1.540 0.537 0.537 0.537 1.064
1998 0.030 0.176 0.502 0.660 1.046 1.407 1.227 1.618 1.270 1.419 0.538 0.538 0.538 1.077
1999 0.023 0.182 0.457 0.840 0.851 1.106 1.192 1.085 1.229 0.960 0.486 0.486 0.486 0.922
2000 0.018 0.112 0.370 0.563 0.798 0.658 0.699 0.759 0.647 0.683 0.342 0.342 0.342 0.641
2001 0.014 0.097 0.241 0.502 0.604 0.700 0.502 0.542 0.539 0.451 0.272 0.272 0.272 0.515
2002 0.012 0.083 0.242 0.379 0.653 0.651 0.644 0.475 0.475 0.456 0.255 0.255 0.255 0.507
2003 0.013 0.075 0.208 0.387 0.491 0.720 0.612 0.619 0.425 0.410 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.506
2004 0.014 0.097 0.228 0.407 0.637 0.684 0.882 0.757 0.702 0.459 0.284 0.284 0.284 0.599
2005 0.016 0.092 0.263 0.390 0.574 0.764 0.699 0.926 0.725 0.647 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.603
2006 0.016 0.108 0.267 0.494 0.594 0.749 0.860 0.802 0.978 0.730 0.317 0.317 0.317 0.628
2007 0.013 0.087 0.236 0.365 0.544 0.543 0.581 0.673 0.582 0.664 0.258 0.258 0.258 0.490
2008 0.009 0.065 0.173 0.293 0.363 0.450 0.391 0.425 0.450 0.382 0.194 0.194 0.194 0.349
2009 0.008 0.054 0.160 0.271 0.375 0.394 0.426 0.378 0.381 0.390 0.185 0.185 0.185 0.334
2010 0.008 0.055 0.150 0.285 0.396 0.469 0.429 0.474 0.389 0.380 0.200 0.200 0.200 0.367
2011 0.007 0.044 0.130 0.224 0.347 0.410 0.422 0.394 0.404 0.323 0.183 0.183 0.000 0.321
2012 0.007 0.040 0.107 0.198 0.280 0.371 0.383 0.402 0.349 0.346 0.173 0.173 0.173 0.290
2013 0.007 0.048 0.112 0.190 0.291 0.354 0.414 0.435 0.425 0.357 0.191 0.191 0.191 0.299
2014 0.008 0.051 0.145 0.213 0.297 0.396 0.423 0.509 0.496 0.467 0.225 0.225 0.225 0.331
2015 0.009 0.060 0.153 0.277 0.333 0.401 0.470 0.515 0.577 0.541 0.264 0.264 0.264 0.358
2016 0.009 0.056 0.151 0.245 0.363 0.371 0.390 0.466 0.473 0.509 0.258 0.258 0.258 0.331
2017 0.012 0.068 0.177 0.306 0.409 0.527 0.467 0.502 0.561 0.548 0.321 0.321 0.321 0.398
2018 0.014 0.085 0.195 0.322 0.460 0.525 0.590 0.531 0.529 0.570 0.356 0.356 0.356 0.437
2019 0.012 0.083 0.200 0.286 0.384 0.464 0.458 0.523 0.438 0.422 0.315 0.315 0.315 0.386
2020 0.015 0.082 0.228 0.350 0.407 0.465 0.490 0.494 0.523 0.423 0.332 0.332 0.332 0.406
2021 0.014 0.092 0.242 0.408 0.562 0.653 0.651 0.664 0.622 0.562 0.304 0.304 0.304 0.530
Table 3.24. NEA cod TISVPA estimates of fishing mortality coefficients

 

Standard plots for Northeast Arctic cod (ICES subareas 1 and 2)
Figure 3.1. Standard plots for Northeast Arctic cod (ICES subareas 1 and 2)

 

grafikk
Figure 3.2a. Standardized one-observation-ahead residuals for log-catches and log-indices (Thygesen et al . 2017) in the final SAM run

 

NEA cod SSB, R and Fbar model retrospective pattern for final SAM run.
Figure 3.2b. NEA cod SSB, R and Fbar model retrospective pattern for final SAM run.

 

 

 

NEA cod SSB, Fbar and R historical retrospective pattern for final SAM run
Figure 3.2c. NEA cod SSB, Fbar and R historical retrospective pattern for final SAM run.

 

 

grafikk, graf
Figure 3.2d. NEA cod final SAM run fit. Total catch in weight. Modelled catches from the final run and point wise 95% confidence intervals are shown by line and shaded area. The yearly observed total catch weight (crosses) are calculated as Catch(y)=sum(W(a,y)*C(a,y)).

 

 

grafer
Figure 3.2e. NEA cod. Catchability of different fleets used for final SAM run fit.

 

 

grafer
Figure 3.3. NEA cod cannibalism mortality vs. capelin abundance.

 

Northeast Arctic cod. Fishing mortality (F5-10) (top panel) and trawl efforts in 1985–2020 (bottom panel).
Figure 3.4. Northeast Arctic cod. Fishing mortality (F5-10) (top panel) and trawl efforts in 1985–2020 (bottom panel). 

 

 

 

diagram, grafer
Figure 3. 5. Cod CPUE in Norwegian trawl catches where cod is the main species (double and single trawl). Connected line shows mean, line inside the box shows the median, and the box shows 25 and 75 percentiles.

 

Residuals of the TISVPA data approximation (yellow circles are positive residuals, white – negative, maximum bubble size corresponds to residual = 2.4).
Figure 3.6a. Residuals of the TISVPA data approximation (yellow circles are positive residuals, white – negative, maximum bubble size corresponds to residual = 2.4). 

 

 

grafer
Figure 3.6b. Profiles of the components of the TISVPA objective function.
 

 

grafer
Figure 3.6c. TISVPA retrospective runs.

 

 

grafer
Figure 3.7. Model comparison. TSB (total stock biomass, age 3+), SSB recruitment and F in SAM and TISVPA.

 

  Sub-area |I Division IIb Division IIa Total
Year Norway 2 UK 3 Russia 4 Norway 2 UK 3 Russia 4 Norway 2 UK 3 Norway
1966 - 0.074 0.42 - 0.078 0.19 - 0.067  
1967 - 0.081 0.53 - 0.106 0.87 - 0.052  
1968 - 0.110 1.09 - 0.173 1.21 - 0.056  
1969 - 0.113 1.00 - 0.135 1.17 - 0.094  
1970 - 0.100 0.80 - 0.100 0.80 - 0.066  
1971 - 0.056 0.43 - 0.071 0.16 - 0.062  
1972 0.90 0.047 0.34 0.59 0.051 0.18 1.08 0.055  
1973 1.05 0.057 0.56 0.43 0.054 0.57 0.71 0.043  
1974 1.75 0.079 0.86 1.94 0.106 0.77 0.19 0.028  
1975 1.82 0.077 0.94 1.67 0.100 0.43 1.36 0.033  
1976 1.69 0.060 0.84 1.20 0.081 0.30 1.69 0.035  
1977 1.54 0.052 0.63 0.91 0.056 0.25 1.16 0.044 1.17
1978 1.37 0.062 0.52 0.56 0.044 0.08 1.12 0.037 0.94
1979 0.85 0.046 0.43 0.62 - 0.06 1.06 0.042 0.85
1980 1.47 - 0.49 0.41 - 0.16 1.27 - 1.23
          Spain 5     Russia 4  
1981 1.42 - 0.41 (0.96) - 0.07 1.02 0.35 1.21
1982 1.30 - 0.35 - 0.86 0.26 1.01 0.34 1.09
1983 1.58 - 0.31 (1.31) 0.92 0.36 1.05 0.38 1.11
1984 1.40 - 0.45 1.20 0.78 0.35 0.73 0.27 0.96
1985 1.86 - 1.04 1.51 1.37 0.50 0.90 0.39 1.29
1986 1.97 - 1.00 2.39 1.73 0.84 1.36 1.14 1.70
1987 1.77 - 0.97 2.00 1.82 1.05 1.73 0.67 1.77
1988 1.58 - 0.66 1.61 (1.36) 0.54 0.97 0.55 1.03
1989 1.49 - 0.71 0.41 2.70 0.45 0.78 0.43 0.76
1990 1.35 - 0.70 0.39 2.69 0.80 0.38 0.60 0.49
1991 1.38 - 0.67 0.29 4.96 0.76 0.50 0.90 0.44
1992 2.19 - 0.79 3.06 2.47 0.23 0.98 0.65 1.29
1993 2.33 - 0.85 2.98 3.38 1.00 1.74 1.03 1.87
1994 2.50 - 1.01 2.82 1.44 1.14 1.27 0.86 1.59
1995 1.57 - 0.59 2.73 1.65 1.10 1.00 1.01 1.92
1996     0.74   1.11 0.85   0.99 1.81
1997     0.61     0.57   0.74 1.36
1998     0.37     0.29   0.40 0.83
1999     0.29     0.34   0.39 0.74
2000     0.34     0.37   0.53 0.92
2001     0.46     0.46   0.69 1.21
2002     0.58     0.66   0.57 1.35
2003     0.70     1.22   0.73 1.67
2004     0.48     0.78   0.84 1.67
2005     0.45     0.62   0.81 1.23
2006     0.49     0.54   0.84 0.88
2007     0.71     0.51   0.88 1.16
200 8     0.93     0.79   1.21  
2009     1.33     1.16   0.83  
2010     1.47     1.18   1.16  
2011     1.77     1.69   2.46 4.87 6
2012     2.25     1.44   2.11 6.97 6
201 3     2.30     1.46   2.60 4.96 6
201 4     2.07     1.54   2.38 5.75 6
2015     1.06     1.38   1.93 4.54 6
2016     1.15     1.06   1.39 3.64 6
201 7     1.00     1.0 0   1.0 5 3.01 6
2018     1.0 6     1. 40   1. 31 3.20 6
2019     1 .01     0.89   1.16 3.02 6
2020     0.78     0.68   1.42 3.38 6
2021 1     0.70     0.89   0.86 2.51 6
Table A1. North-East Arctic COD. Catch per unit effort.

1 Preliminary figures.

2 Norwegian data - t per 1,000 tonnage*hrs fishing.

3 United Kingdom data - t per 100 tonnage*hrs fishing.

4 Russian data - t per hr fishing.

5 Spanish data - t per hr fishing.

6 2011-2020 Norwegian data on t per hr fishing are from single-trawl only, not comparable to data from previous years

Period Sub-area I Divisions IIa and IIb
1960–1973 RT RT
1974–1980 PST RT
1981– PST PST
Table A2. North-east Arctic COD. Abundance indices (millions) from the Norwegian acoustic survey in the Barents Sea in January-March. New TS and rock-hopper gear (1981-1988 back-calculated from bobbins gear). Corrected for length-dependent effective spread of trawl. Data from 1994 onwards corrected for three northern areas and the method of filling in gaps (WD 1, WKBarFar 2021).

Vessel type: RT = side trawlers, 800–1000 HP, PST = stern trawlers, up to 2000 HP.

tabell

Table A3. North-East Arctic COD. Abundance indices (millions) from the Norwegian bottom trawl survey in the Barents Sea in January-March. Rock-hopper gear (1981-1988 back-calculated from bobbins gear). Corrected for length-dependent effective spread of trawl. Data from 1994 and onwards corrected - WD 1, WKBarFar 2021 tabell

Table A4. North East Arctic COD. Abundance at age (millions) from the Norwegian acoustic survey on the spawning grounds off Lofoten in March-April.

tabell

Table A5. North East Arctic COD. Length (cm) at-age in the Barents Sea from the investigations winter survey in February. Data for ages 1-11 from 1994 and onwards - WD 1, WKBarFar 2021. tabell

Table A6. North East Arctic COD. Weight (g) at-age in the Barents Sea from the investigations winter survey in February. Data for ages 1-11 from 1994 and onwards - WD 1, WKBarFar 2021.

tabell

*revised

Table A7. Northeast Arctic COD. Length at age in cm in the Lofoten survey.

tabell

*revised

Table A8. Northeast Arctic COD. Mean weight-at-age (kg) in the Lofoten survey.

tabell

*revised

Table A9. Northeast Arctic COD. Results from the Russian trawl-acoustic survey in the Barents Sea and adjacent waters in the autumn. Stock number in millions.

tabell

Table A10. Northeast Arctic COD. Abundance indices (millions) from the Russian bottom trawl survey in the Barents Sea.

tabell

Table A11. Northeast Arctic COD. Length-at-age (cm) from Russian surveys in November-December.

tabell

Table A12. Northeast Arctic COD. Weight (g) at age from Russian surveys in November-December.

tabell

Table A13. Northeast Arctic COD. Sum of acoustic abundance estimates (millions) in the Joint winter Barents Sea survey (Table A2) and the Norwegian Lofoten acoustic survey (Table A4).

tabell

Table A14. Swept area estimates (millions) of Northeast Arctic Cod from the Joint Norwegian- Russian ecosystem survey in August-September (2020 data are taken from WD 01 AFWG 2021).

tabell





Table A15. Mean weight at age of cod (g), data from bottom trawls Barents Sea Ecosystem survey. StoX calculations.

tabell

*revised

4 - Haddock in subareas 1 and 2 (Northeast Arctic)

4.1 - Introductory note

On 30th March 2022 all Russian participation in ICES was suspended. The AFWG report 2022 chapter on haddock was therefore not been updated except tables of total catch (Tables 4.1-4.5.).

In the present report, we have kept the main structure of the NEA haddock chapters in AFWG reports from the last years.

4.2 - Status of the fisheries

4.2.1 - Historical development of the fisheries

Haddock is mainly fished by trawl as bycatch in the fishery for cod. Also, a directed trawl fishery for haddock is conducted. The proportion of the total catches taken by direct fishery varies between years. On average approximately 30% of the catch is with conventional gears, mostly longline, which in the past was used almost exclusively by Norway. Some of the longline catches are from a directed fishery, which is restricted by national quotas. In the Norwegian management, the quotas are set separately for trawl and other gears. The fishery is also regulated by a minimum landing size (40 cm), a minimum mesh size in trawls and Danish seine, a maximum bycatch of undersized fish, closure of areas with high density/catches of juveniles and other seasonal and area restrictions.

The exploitation rate of haddock has been variable. The highest fishing mortalities for haddock have occurred at low to intermediate stock levels and historically show little relationship with the exploitation rate of cod, despite haddock being primarily caught as bycatch in the cod fishery. However, the more restrictive quota regulations introduced around 1990 have resulted in a more stable pattern in the exploitation rate.

The exceptionally strong year classes 2005–2006 contributed to the strong increase to all-time high stock levels and high catch levels in the last decade. Their importance in the catches is currently minimal. Currently, the 2016 year-class is dominating the catches.

4.2.2 - Catches prior to 2022 (Table 4.1–Table 4.3, Figure 4.1)

The highest landings of haddock historically were 322 kt in 1973. Since 1973 the highest catches observed was 316 kt in 2012. The landings in 2018, 2019 and 2020 were below 200 kt (Figure 4.1).

Provisional official landings for 2021 are about 205 kt, which is 12% below agreed TAC (233 kt).

In 2006 it was decided to include reported Norwegian landings of haddock from the Norwegian statistical areas 06 and 07 (i.e. between 62°N and Lofoten Islands). These areas were not previously included in the total landings of NEA haddock as input for this stock assessment (ICES CM 2006/ACFM:19; ICES CM 2006/ACFM:25).

Estimates of unreported catches (IUU catches) of haddock have been added to reported landings for the years from 2002 to 2008. Two estimates of IUU catches were available, one Norwegian and one Russian. At the benchmark in 2011 it was decided to base the final assessment on the Norwegian IUU estimates (ICES CM 2011/ACOM:38; Table 4.1).

We continue to include the estimates of IUU catches 2002–2008. The IUU catches are assumed to be negligible for the period 2009–2021 and therefore set to zero.

4.2.3 - Catch advice and TAC for 2022

The catch advice for 2022 was 179 kt and the Joint Norwegian-Russian Fisheries Commission set the TAC in accordance with the HCR. Furthermore, Russia and Norway can transfer the unused part of their own quota, restricted to a maximum of 10% of own quotas from 2021 to 2022.

4.3 - Status of research

4.3.1 - Survey results

Russia provided indices for 1982–2015 and 2017 for the Barents Sea trawl and acoustic survey (TAS) which was carried out in October–December (FLT01, RU-BTr-Q4). The survey was discontinued in 2018.

The Joint Barents Sea winter survey provides two index series used for tuning and recruitment forecast (bottom trawl: FLT02, NoRu-BTr-Q1 and acoustics: FLT04, NoRu-Aco-Q1). The survey area has been extended from 2014 with additional northern areas (N) covered. The extended area is now included in total and standard survey index calculations for haddock (WKDEM 2020). Overall, this survey tracks both strong and poor year classes well. The indices from the Joint winter survey of cod and haddock in the Barents Sea are provided in the annual survey reports from this survey (e.g., Fall et al 2022). The spatial survey coverage in 2022 was good. Note that since the AFWG 2021 was conducted, minor errors were discovered in the winter survey indices for 2021 (both acoustic and bottom trawl). The current assessment uses the corrected indices. The report from the 2022 survey (Fall et al in prep) will provide the correct indices back in time.

The Joint Barents Sea ecosystem survey provides indices by age from bottom trawl data (FLT007, Eco-NoRu-Q3 Btr) used for tuning and recruitment forecast. At the benchmark in 2011 it was decided to include this survey as tuning series. Tuning indices by age from the Joint ecosystem survey is calculated using the BIOFOX programme (Prozorkevich and Gjøsæter 2014). The survey coverage of the haddock distribution in 2022 was relatively good.

The survey indices for ages used in tuning can be found in Table 4.9, and the survey indices used in recruitment forecast can be found in Table 4.16.

4.4 - Data used in the assessment

4.4.1 - Catch-at-age (Table 4.4)

Age and length composition of the landings in 2021 were available from Norway and Russia in Subarea 1 and Division 2.b, and from Norway, Russia, and Germany in Division 2.a. The biological sampling of NEA haddock catches is considered good for the most important ages in the fisheries.

Relevant data of estimated catch-at-age was obtained from InterCatch for the period 2008–2020 and is presented together with historical values from 1950–2007 in Table 4.4. For the 2021 catch data allocation, instead of InterCatch, the same algoritm was realized in Excel. Excel was used for comparison with InterCatch in 2008-2002, and no differences between InterCatch and Excel allocations were detected.

4.4.2 - Catch-weight-at-age (Table 4.5)

The mean weight-at-age in the catch was obtained as a weighted average of the weight-at-age in the catch from Norway, Russia and Germany.

4.4.3 - Stock-weight-at-age (Table 4.6)

Since 1983 the stock weights-at-age (Table 4.6) are calculated using the average of the weight-at-age estimate from the Joint Barents Sea winter survey and the Russian bottom trawl survey. These averages are assumed to give representative values for the beginning of the year (see stock annex for details). However, the Russian bottom trawl survey has been discontinued and therefor stock weights-at-age were calculated using a correction factor (WKDEM 2020). Since the benchmark in 2006 stock weight at age has been smoothed (ICES 2006, see stock annex for details).

4.4.4 - Maturity-at-age (Table 4.7)

Since the benchmark 2006, smoothed estimates were produced separately for the Russian autumn survey and the Joint winter survey and then combined using arithmetic average. These averages are assumed to give representative values for the beginning of the year. However, the Russian bottom trawl survey has been discontinued and therefore stock weights-at-age were calculated using a correction factor (see WKDEM 2020 and stock annex).

4.4.5 - Natural mortality (Table 4.8)

Natural mortality used in the assessment was 0.2. For ages 3–6 mortality predation by cod is added (see stock annex). For the period from 1984 and onwards actual estimates of predation by cod was used. For the years 1950–1983 the average natural mortality for 1984–2020 was used (age groups 3–6). Estimated mortality from predation by cod in this year’s assessment is based on the ‘final run’ cod assessment. The proportion of F and M before spawning was set to zero.

4.4.6 - Data for tuning (Table 4.9)

The following survey series are included in the data for tuning, the last age for all surveys is the plus group. Data are lacking (no survey) for FLT01 in 2016, and for FLT007 in 2018 (not included due to poor coverage).

Name Acronym Place Season Age Year prior weight
FLT01: Russian bottom trawl RU-BTr-Q4 Barents Sea October–December 3–8+ 1991–2017 1
FLT02: Joint Barents Sea survey–acoustic BS-NoRU-Q1(Aco) Barents Sea February– March 3–9+ 1993–2022 1
FLT04: Joint Barents Sea survey–bottom trawl BS-NoRu-Q1 (BTr) Barents Sea February– March 3–10+ 1994–2022 1
FLT007: Joint Russian-Norwegian ecosystem autumn survey in the Barents Sea–bottom trawl Eco-NoRu-Q3 (Btr) Barents Sea August–September 3–9+ 2004–2021 1

4.4.7 - Changes in data from last year (Table 4.6–Table 4.7, Table 4.9)

At the benchmark (WKDEM 2020) it was decided that historic values (1950–1993) of stock weight and maturity should not be updated in the following years. Due to the smoothing procedure (see stock annex) the stock weight and maturity at age back to 1994 are updated every year.

Natural mortality includes cod predation for the ages 3–6. The data from 1984 and onwards are updated every year after the update of the cod assessment. The averages used for the historic period (1950–1983) were updated and used in the assessment.

4.5 - Assessment models and settings (Table 4.10)

At the benchmark in 2020 it was decided to continue using the SAM model as the main model.

The SAM configuration was revised during the benchmark in 2020. The main changes to the configuration were to include:

1) age group 3 in the winter survey indices (Fleet 02 and 04),

2) plus group in all survey series (new option in SAM),

3) prediction variance link for the observation variances (new option in SAM, Breivik et al., 2021) 4) correlation structure in observation variance for the surveys (Berg and Nielsen, 2016).

The configuration, settings and tuning of SAM that were decided on during the benchmark (WKDEM 2020) were used in the current assessment. The configuration file is given in Table 4.10 and in the stock annex.

XSA, with revised settings, will be used as additional model for comparison. This year the TISVPA model is also used as an additional model for comparison.

4.6 - Results of the assessment (Table 4.11–Table 4.14 and Figure 4.1–Figure 4.3)

The dominating feature of the assessment is that the stock reached an all-time high level around 2011 due to the strong 2004–2006 year-classes, and since declined (Table 4.11; Figure 4.1)

Fishing mortality has increased since 2013 (Table 4.12), and the estimate of fishing mortality of main ages (4–7) has been above FMSY = 0.35 since 2018.

The SSB has decreased since the peak in 2013. The estimate for 2022 is 217kt and well above MSY Btrigger = 80 kt (Figure 4.1).

The residuals and retrospective patterns are shown in Figure 4.2 and 4.3.

4.7 - Comparison with last year’s assessment (Figure 4.4)

The text table below compares this year’s estimates with last year’s estimates. Compared to last year the current estimates of the total stock (TSB) in 2021 is 3% higher , whereas the spawning stock (SSB) estimate is almost the same. The Fbar in 2020 is estimated as the same as the Fbar for 2020 estimated last year. Estimates for all ages except ages 7, 8 and 10 were higher or identical to last year’s assessment. Ratios are calculated on original numbers (not rounded as shown in table)

Assessment year, model F (2020) Numbers 2021 (ages) SSB (2021) TSB (2021)
    3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13+    
2021 SAM 0.44 158 265 350 67 22 10 4 4 1 1 2 199 644
2022 SAM 0.44 164 280 364 73 21 9 4 3 2 2 2 199 661
Ratio 2022/2021 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.8 1.7 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.0

4.8 - Additional assessment methods (Table 4.15, Figure 4.5–Figure 4.6)

4.8.1 - XSA (Figure 4.5)

The Extended Survivors Analysis (XSA) was used to tune the VPA by available index series. As last years, FLR was used for the assessment of haddock (see stock annex), and thus all results concerning XSA are obtained using FLR. The settings used were the same as set in the benchmark in 2015 (WKARCT 2015). At this meeting the comparison confirmed that usage XSA with survivor estimate shrinkage 0.5 gave similar result to the estimates from SAM.

The estimated consumption of NEA haddock by NEA cod is incorporated into the XSA analysis by first constructing a catch number-at-age matrix, adding the numbers of haddock eaten by cod to the catches for the years where such data are available (1984–2021). The summary of XSA stock estimates with shrinkage value 0.5 are presented in Table 4.15. A retrospective estimate for XSA gave same signals as for main model SAM (Figure 4.5).

4.8.2 - TISVPA (Figure 4.5)

The TISVPA (Triple Instantaneous Separable VPA) model (Vasilyev, 2005; 2006) represents fishing mortality coefficients (more precisely – exploitation rates) as a product of three parameters: f(year)*s(age)*g(cohort). The generation‐dependent parameters, which are estimated within the model, are intended to adapt traditional separable representation of fishing mortality to situations when several year classes may have peculiarities in their interaction with fishing fleets caused by different spatial distribution, higher attractiveness of more abundant schools to fishers, or by some other reasons. The TISVPA model was presented at benchmark group for arctic stocks (WKARCT) in 2015 and it was decided to apply to NEA haddock using the same data as SAM except that natural mortality values from cannibalism were taken from the SAM runs. All the input data, including catch-at-age, weight-at-age in stock and in catches, maturity-at-age were the same as used in SAM. Generally, the biomass estimates of this model were higher than SAM estimates, which can be explained by different assumptions about catchability of indices. The retrospective pattern for TISVPA shows the same trends as both the SAM and XSA models (Figure 4.5).

4.8.3 - Model comparisons (Figure 4.6)

Results from SAM, XSA and TISVPA are compared in Figure 4.6. Comparison of results of SAM, TISVPA and XSA with previous year settings shows that the models estimate similar trends. The TSVPA model is more flexible for settings than the others and taking into account a possible decrease in survey data consistency, it was attempted to do tuning of surveys not at abundance but to age proportions because the probable change in effective survey catchability.

4.9 - Predictions, reference points and harvest control rules (Table 4.16–Table 4.21)

4.9.1 - Recruitment (Table 4.16–Table 4.17)

SAM was used to estimate the recruitment at age 3 of the 2019 year-class in 2022. The RCT3 program translation in R was used to estimate the recruiting year classes 2020–2021 in 2023 and 2024 with survey data from the ecosystem survey and winter survey (acoustics and bottom trawl). Input data and results are shown in Tables 4.16 and 4.17, respectively.

The text table below shows the recruitment estimates for the year classes 2004–2021 from assessments and RCT3 forecasts (shaded cells). Overall, there is good agreement with the year-class strength estimates from RCT3 and the assessments (r=0.96), and the estimate the first year the year-class was assessed was on average 84% of the initial RCT3 estimate (year-classes 2005-2019. In the most recent years, it is noticeable that the 2018 year-class was less than 50% of the initial RCT3 estimate.

Year Class Year of assessment, base model
2008 XSA 2009 XSA 2010 XSA 2011 XSA 2012 XSA 2013 XSA 2014 XSA 2015 XSA 2015 SAM 2016 SAM 2017 SAM 2018 SAM 2019 SAM 2020 SAM 2021 SAM 2022 SAM
2004 665 668 610 765 743 725 698 768 687 930 898 869 879 557 543 546
2005 943 975 1029 1193 1301 1317 1303 1415 996 1456 1330 1241 1251 1149 1113 1118
2006 832 1036 811 1057 1187 1264 1267 1366 827 1254 1083 1027 1030 1063 1025 1032
2007 202 208 212 284 330 370 384 411 211 355 307 305 308 249 241 242
2008   149 101 120 151 155 169 178 89 157 107 109 110 122 117 119
2009     303 315 320 345 357 363 230 351 294 291 293 356 340 344
2010       188 146 137 146 150 100 133 105 105 106 124 119 120
2011         483 513 482 398 298 397 340 329 332 425 411 415
2012           124 145 104 78 73 79 70 68 75 72 73
2013             394 290 197 235 184 174 177 219 213 215
2014               279 198 247 189 146 148 202 194 198
2015                   422 398 333 336 384 368 370
2016                     1067 933 930 875 822 831
2017                       577 629 497 442 449
2018                         344 294 154 164
2019                           39 31 38
2020                             95 89
2021                               303

4.9.2 - Prediction data (Table 4.18, Figure 4.7)

The input data for the prediction are presented in Table 4.18.

Stock numbers for 2022–2023 at age 3 are taken from RCT3, and abundance-at-ages 3–13+ in 2021 from the SAM assessment. The average fishing pattern observed in 2019–2021 scaled to F in 2021 was used for distribution of fishing mortality-at-age for 2022–2024 (Figure 4.7). The proportion of M and F before spawning was set to 0.

Input data to projection of weight at age in the stock, weight at age in the catch, maturity and mortality followed the stock annex.

4.9.3 - Biomass reference points (Figure 4.1)

Biological and fisheries reference points for NEA haddock were last set following a thorough analysis as part of the WKNEAMP-2 (ICES, 2016) Harvest Control Rule evaluation in 2016. The revised model developed during the 2020 benchmark produced better fits to the data but only a small change in the reconstructed stock (WKDEM 2020). A brief analysis at WKDEM 2020 indicated that the reference points from the current model are very similar to the previously estimated values. Given the more thorough analysis at WKNEAMP-2 (ICES, 2016), this is taken as indicating that there was no evidence to deviate from the reference points set in 2016.

At the last benchmark (WKDEM 2020) it was proposed to keep Blim = 50 000 t and Bpa = 80 000 t with the rationale that Blim is equal to Bloss, and Bpa = Blim*exp (1.645*σ), where σ = 0.3. This gives a 95% probability of maintaining SSB above Blim taking into account the uncertainty in the assessments and stock dynamics. BMSY trigger was proposed equal Bpa, Btrigger was then selected as a biomass that is encountered with low probability if FMSY is implemented, as recommended by WKFRAME2 (ICES CM 2011/ACOM:33). Values of reference points compared with current stock values are reflected in Figure 4.1.

4.9.4 - Fishing mortality reference points (Figure 4.1)

Biological and fisheries reference points for NEA haddock were last set following a thorough analysis as part of the WKNEAMP-2 (ICES, 2016) Harvest Control Rule evaluation in 2016. The revised model developed during the 2020 benchmark produced better fits to the data but only a small change in the reconstructed stock (WKDEM 2020). A brief analysis at WKDEM 2020 indicated that the reference points from the current model are very similar to the previously estimated values. Given the more thorough analysis at WKNEAMP-2 (ICES, 2016), this is taken as indicating that there was no evidence to deviate from the reference points set in 2016.

There is no standard method of estimating Flim nor Fpa, and ACOM accepted to use geometric mean recruitment (146 million) and Blim as basis for the Flim estimate. Flim is then based on the slope of line from origin at SSB = 0 to the geometric mean recruitment (146 million) and SSB = Blim. The SPR value of this slope give Flim value on SPR curve; Flim = 0.77 (found using Pasoft). Using the same approach as for Bpa; Fpa = Flim*exp(-1.645*σ) = 0.47.

FMSY = 0.35 has been estimated by long-term stochastic simulations. Values of reference points compared with current stock values are reflected in Figure 4.1.

The estimates of cod’s consumption of haddock were revised following the cod benchmark in early 2021. At the AFWG 2021 meeting, the haddock FMSY was checked with the new updated mortality estimates and found to still be valid and precautionary.

4.9.5 - Harvest control rule

The harvest control rule (HCR) was evaluated by ICES in 2007 (ICES CM 2007/ACFM:16) and found to be in agreement with the precautionary approach. The agreed HCR for haddock with last modifications is as follows (Protocol of the 40th Session of The Joint Norwegian Russian Fisheries Commission (JNRFC), 14 October 2011):

  • TAC for the next year will be set at level corresponding to FMSY.

  • The TAC should not be changed by more than +/- 25% compared with the previous year TAC.

  • If the spawning stock falls below Bpa, the procedure for establishing TAC should be based on a fishing mortality that is linearly reduced from FMSY at Bpa to F = 0 at SSB equal to zero. At SSB-levels below Bpa in any of the operational years (current year and a year ahead) there should be no limitations on the year-to-year variations in TAC.

As mentioned above Flim and Fpa were revised in 2011. The new values of Flim = 0.77 and Fpa = 0.47 are higher than the previous values (0.49 and 0.35, respectively). In the 2012 meeting of the JNRFC the proposals of ICES were accepted, and the current HCR management is based on FMSY instead of Fpa. This corresponds to the goal of the management strategy for this stock and should provide maximum sustainable yield.

In 2014, JNRFC decided that from 2015 onwards, Norway and Russia can transfer to next year or borrow from last year maximum 10% of the country’s quota. At its 45th session in October 2015, the Joint Norwegian-Russian Fisheries Commission (JNRFC) decided that a number of alternative harvest control rules (HCRs) for Northeast Arctic haddock should be evaluated by ICES. This was done by WKNEAMP (ICES 2015b/ACOM:60, ICES C. M. 2016/ACOM:47). Six HCRs for NEA haddock including the existing one were tested. At its 46th session in October 2016, the JNRFC decided not to change the HCR.

4.9.6 - Prediction results and catch options for 2021 (Table 4.19–Table 4.21)

The projection shows a slight increase in SSB from 216 kt in 2022 to 232 kt in 2023 (Table 4.19). TAC constraint F is used for 2022. The TAC for 2023 is established using the current one-year HCR, in accordance to the management plan. FMSY = 0.35 would give a quota for 2023 of 170 kt, this is a 5% decrease from the TAC and advice for 2022.

Catch options for 2023 are shown in the text table below (weights in tonnes).

Basis Total catch (2023) F ages 4−7 (2023) SSB (2024) % SSB change * % TAC change ** % Advice change ***
Advice basis
Management plan 170 067 0 205 549 -11 -5 -5
Other scenarios            
MSY approach: FMSY 170 067 0.35 205 549 -11 -5 -5
F = 0 0 0.00 321 974 39 -100 -100
F = F2022 151 269 0.30 218 188 -6 -15 -15
Fpa 213 495 0.47 176 638 -24 20 20
Flim 298 284 0.77 121 687 -48 67 67

* SSB 2024 relative to SSB 2023.

** Catch in 2023 relative to TAC in 2022 (178532 t)

*** Catch value for 2023 relative to advice value for 2022 (178532 t)

Detailed information about expected catches by following HCR in 2023 and 2024 is given in Table 4.20. The forecast covers all catches. It is then implied that all types of catches are to be counted against this TAC.

4.9.7 - Comments to the assessment and predictions (Figure 4.2–Figure 4.4)

Haddock was benchmarked in 2020 (WKDEM 2020). The motivation for the benchmark was the poor retrospective (text table below). The retrospective biases were greatly improved after the benchmark. The retrospective biases from this year’s assessment for SSB, TSB and F were reduced compared to AFWG 2021.

Retrospective bias (Mohn’s Rho), 5-year peel R SSB F TSB
AFWG 2018 3% 24% 7% 14%
AFWG 2019 5% 18% 7% 7%
WKDEM 2020 2% 3% 3% 1%
AFWG 2020 4% 3% 0% 5%
AFWG 2021 1% 6% 7% 3%
AFWG 2022 -2% 5% -6% 1%

A jitter analysis performed to verify that the SAM model is not sensitive to starting values ,, revealed no problems (see Breivik et al 2021 for details on jitter analysis). The one step ahead residuals showed no clear pattern (Figure 4.2). The retrospective The retrospective biases for F, SSB, RSB and R (absolute values) are <7% (Figure 4.3). Overall, adding a year of data confirmed the trend from last year’s assessment. To conclude, no obvious problems with the 2022 assessment were detected.

According to this year’s assessment, the 2016 year-class is the sixth strongest year class in the time-series back to 1950. The 2017 year-class is close to average, whereas the 2018 year-class is weak, and the 2019 year-class is the weakest since the 1987 year-class. The 2020 year-class is predicted to be well below average, whereas the 2021 year-class is predicted to be above average.

The strong 2016 year-class is now dominating the spawning stock and catches (48% of the catches in biomass in 2021) and will continue to do so for the coming years. The stock is declining and expected to continue to decline in the next years, since the incoming year-classes are weak.

Fbar(4-7) has been above Fmsy from 2018 and onwards, meaning that the quotas for 2018-2021 have been set too high. The assessments from 2017 to 2019 on which the TAC advice for 2018-2020 were based, had large positive retrospective biases for TSB and SSB (see text table above), implying that the stock sizes were overestimated. The retrospective bias was reduced after the revision at the 2020 benchmark (WKDEM 2020).

Only 88% of 2021 TAC was taken. One possible reason is that the advice and quota was set too high, due to lower catch weights of ages 3-7 compared to the forecast, e.g. the catch weight at age 5 (2016 year-class) was 16% lower than predicted by AFWG in 2020. The 2016 year-class accounted for more than half of the individuals caught in 2021 ( 54%) and thus the weight of this year-class in the catches had the greatest impact on the yield. As a result, a given catch in tons required more individuals had to be caught, and hence a higher effort from the fishing fleet. The discrepancy between forecast and catch statistics can be explained by a larger proportion of the catches being taken in ICES Area I in 2021 compared to earlier years (Table 4.2). This eastern area is colder compared to the western Barents Sea and here size at age tends to be smaller.

As most of the 2016 year-class will be spawning in 2022 and 2023, moving into warmer waters in western Barents Sea, we expect the fishing fleet to follow, and that the catch weight at age in the forecast and in the catch statistics will be more similar in the coming years.

4.10 - References

ICES 2020. Report of the Arctic Fisheries Working Group (AFWG). ICES Scientific Reports. 2:52. 577 pp.

Berg CW and NielsenA. 2016. Accounting for correlated observations in an age-based state-space stock assessment model. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 73: 1788–1797.

Breivik ON, Nielsen A and CW Berg (2021). Prediction–variance relation in a state-space fish stock assessment model. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 78, 3650–3657

Fall et al 2022. Fish investigations in the Barents Sea winter 2021. IMR-PINRO Joint Report Series 1 2022, 100 pp.

ICES 2006a. ICES Workshop on Biological Reference Points for North East Arctic Haddock (WKHAD). Svanhovd, Norway, 6-10 March 2006. ICES C.M. 2006/ACFM:19, 102 pp.

ICES 2006b. Report of the Arctic Fisheries Working Group, 19-28 April. 2006. ICES C.M. 2006/ACFM:25, 594 pp.

ICES 2011. Report of the Benchmark Workshop on Roundfish and Pelagic Stocks, Lisbon 24-31 January 2011. ICES C.M. 2011/ACOM:38, 418 pp.

ICES 2015a. Report of the first Workshop on Management Plan Evaluation on Northeast Arctic cod and haddock and Barents Sea capelin ( WKNEAMP-1) , , . ICES CM 2015/ACOM:60, 27 pp.

ICES. 2015b. Report of the Benchmark Workshop on Arctic Stocks (WKARCT), 26-30 January 2015, ICES Headquarters, Denmark. ICES CM 2015\ACOM:31. 126 pp.

ICES 2016. Report of the second Workshop on Management Plan Evaluation on Northeast Arctic cod and haddock and Barents Sea capelin (WKNEAMP-2) , 25-28 January 2016, Kirkenes, Norway. ICES CM 2016/ACOM:47, 76 pp.

Prozorkevich D and Gjøsæter H 2014. WD_02 cod BESS_assessment. AFWG 2014.

Vasilyev D. 2005 Key aspects of robust fish stock assessment. M: VNIRO Publishing, 2005. 105 p.

Vasilyev D. 2006. Change in catchability caused by year class peculiarities: how stockassessment based on separable cohort models is able to take it into account? (Some illustrations for triple‐separable case of the ISVPA model ‐ TISVPA). ICES CM 2006/O:18. 35 pp

WKDEM 2020. Benchmark Workshop for Demersal Species (WKDEM). ICES Scientific Reports. 2:31. 136 pp. http://doi.org/10.17895/ices.pub.5548

Year Subarea 1 Division 2.a Division 2.b un-reported2) Total3) Norw. stat.areas 06 and 074)
1960 125026 27781 1844 - 154651 6000
1961 165156 25641 2427 - 193224 4000
1962 160561 25125 1723 - 187409 3000
1963 124332 20956 936 - 146224 4000
1964 79262 18784 1112 - 99158 6000
1965 98921 18719 943 - 118583 6000
1966 125009 35143 1626 - 161778 5000
1967 107996 27962 440 - 136398 3000
1968 140970 40031 725 - 181726 3000
1969 89948 40306 566 - 130820 2000
1970 60631 27120 507 - 88258 -
1971 56989 21453 463 - 78905 -
1972 221880 42111 2162 - 266153 -
1973 285644 23506 13077 - 322227 -
1974 159051 47037 15069 - 221157 10000
1975 121692 44337 9729 - 175758 6000
1976 94054 37562 5648 - 137264 2000
1977 72159 28452 9547 - 110158 2000
1978 63965 30478 979 - 95422 2000
1979 63841 39167 615 - 103623 6000
1980 54205 33616 68 - 87889 5098
1981 36834 39864 455 - 77153 4767
1982 17948 29005 2 - 46955 3335
1983 5837 16859 1904 - 24600 3112
1984 2934 16683 1328 - 20945 3803
1985 27982 14340 2730 - 45052 3583
1986 61729 29771 9063 - 100563 4021
1987 97091 41084 16741 - 154916 3194
1988 45060 49564 631 - 95255 3756
1989 29723 28478 317 - 58518 4701
1990 13306 13275 601 - 27182 2912
1991 17985 17801 430 - 36216 3045
1992 30884 28064 974 - 59922 5634
1993 46918 32433 3028 - 82379 5559
1994 76748 50388 8050 - 135186 6311
1995 75860 53460 13128 - 142448 5444
1996 112749 61722 3657 - 178128 5126
1997 78128 73475 2756 - 154359 5987
1998 45640 53936 1054 - 100630 6338
1999 38291 40819 4085 - 83195 5743
2000 25931 39169 3844 - 68944 4536
2001 35072 47245 7323 - 89640 4542
2002 40721 42774 12567 18736/5310 114798/101372 6898
2003 53653 43564 8483 33226/9417 138926/115117 4279
2004 64873 47483 12146 33777/8661 158279/133163 3743
2005 53518 48081 16416 40283/9949 158298/127964 5538
2006 51124 47291 33291 21451/8949 153157/140655 5410
2007 62904 58141 25927 14553/3102 161525/150074 7110
2008 58379 60178 31219 5828/- 155604/149776 6629
2009 57723 66045 76293 0 200061 4498
2010 62604 86279 100318 0 249200 3661
2011 86931 99307 123546 0 309785 4169
2012 90141 96807 128679 0 315627 3869
2013 68416 64810 60520 0 193744 4000
2014 61537 58320 57665 0 177522 3433
2015 75195 61567 57993 0 194756 3902
2016 78714 95140 59561 0 233416 3233
2017 94772 75455 57362 0 227589 2987
2018 80902 58522 51853 0 191276 4437
2019 87446 50967 36989 0 175402 2812
20201) 98341 57397 26730 0 182468 3196
20211) 109914 5800 6 36823 0 204743 2363
Table 4.1. Northeast Arctic haddock. Total nominal catch (t) by fishing areas.

1) Provisional figures

2) Figures based on Norwegian/Russian IUU estimates. From 2009, IUU estimates are made by a Joint Russian-Norwegian analysis group under the Russian-Norwegian Fisheries Commission.

3) In 2002–2008, the Norwegian IUU estimates were used in final assessment.

4) Included in total landings and in landings in region 2.a.

  Subarea 1 Division 2.a Division 2.b Unreported2
Year Trawl Others Trawl Others Trawl Others  
1967 73.7 34.3 20.5 7.5 0.4 - -
1968 98.1 42.9 31.4 8.6 0.7 - -
1969 41.4 47.8 33.2 7.1 1.3 - -
1970 37.4 23.2 20.6 6.5 0.5 - -
1971 27.5 29.2 15.1 6.7 0.4 - -
1972 193.9 27.9 34.5 7.6 2.2 - -
1973 242.9 42.8 14 9.5 13.1 - -
1974 133.1 25.9 39.9 7.1 15.1 - -
1975 103.5 18.2 34.6 9.7 9.7 - -
1976 77.7 16.4 28.1 9.5 5.6 - -
1977 57.6 14.6 19.9 8.6 9.5 - -
1978 53.9 10.1 15.7 14.8 1 - -
1979 47.8 16 20.3 18.9 0.6 - -
1980 30.5 23.7 14.8 18.9 0.1 - -
1981 18.8 17.7 21.6 18.5 0.5 - -
1982 11.6 11.5 23.9 13.5 - - -
1983 3.6 2.2 8.7 8.2 0.2 1.7 -
1984 1.6 1.3 7.6 9.1 0.1 1.2 -
1985 24.4 3.5 6.2 8.1 0.1 2.6 -
1986 51.7 10.1 14 15.8 0.8 8.3 -
1987 79 18.1 23 18.1 3 13.8 -
1988 28.7 16.4 34.3 15.3 0.6 0 -
1989 20 9.7 13.5 15 0.3 0 -
1990 4.4 8.9 5.1 8.2 0.6 0 -
1991 9 8.9 8.9 8.9 0.2 0.2 -
1992 21.3 9.6 11.9 16.1 1 0 -
1993 35.3 11.6 14.5 17.9 3 0 -
1994 58.6 18.2 26.1 24.3 7.9 0.2 -
1995 63.9 12 29.6 23.8 12.1 1 -
1996 98.3 14.4 36.5 25.2 3.4 0.3 -
1997 57.4 20.7 44.9 28.6 2.5 0.3 -
1998 26 19.6 27.1 26.9 0.7 0.3 -
1999 29.4 8.9 19.1 21.8 4 0.1 -
2000 20.1 5.9 18.8 20.4 3.7 0.1 -
2001 28.4 6.7 23.4 23.8 7 0.3 -
2002 30.5 10.2 19.5 23.3 12.5 0.1 18.7/5.3
2003 42.7 10.9 21.9 21.7 8.1 0.4 33.2/9.4
2004 52.4 12.5 27 20.5 11.5 0.6 33.8/8.7
2005 38.5 15 24.9 20.9 13 1.6 40.3/9.9
2006 40.1 11 22 25.3 30.1 3.2 21.5/8.9
2007 51.8 11.1 30.5 27.7 20.4 5.5 14.6/3.1
2008 46.8 11.6 30.9 29.3 24.9 6.3 5.8/-
2009 49 8.8 40.1 25.3 67.1 7.8 0
2010 43.6 19 50 35.7 87 10.4 0
2011 55.8 31.1 61.1 38.9 107.7 14.3 0
2012 58.8 31.3 57.5 39.2 103.2 24.8 0
2013 40.1 28.3 37.7 26.9 52.1 8.1 0
2014 35.2 26.3 32.5 25.8 49 8.6 0
2015 49.1 26.1 34.6 27 48.5 9.4 0
2016 56.4 22.3 62.5 32.5 45.4 14.1 0
2017 65 29.8 50.7 24.7 47.1 10.3 0
2018 51.7 29.2 36.9 21.6